Abstract: With noninvasive DNA genotyping technology, we investigated genetic diversity of Tibetan antelope by analyzing mitochondrial DNA variation，those samples are collected from Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve, Qinghai province, China.  A total of 444~446bp of the mitochondrial control region was sequenced form 10 individuals. The results showed that A% + T%(61.8%) was higher than C%+G% (38.2%) obviously. Ten haplotypes were identified in the 10 samples. The result showed 48 polymorphic sites after comparisons of the 10 haplotype samples, among them, including 44 transitions, 1 transversion, 1 insertion and 2 deletions. The average genetic distance of haplotypes is 0.031. The haplotypic diversity is 1.000. The nucleotide diversity is 0.0296. The average number of nucleotide differences is 13.127. It showed that the Tibetan antelope population has high variation in mitochondrial D-loop sequence.