Abstract: Abstract: Based on the traditional polygene inheritance model of quantitative traits, the mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model was raised and considered as the general model, while pure major gene or pure polygene inheritance model being only the specific case of the general model. From the proposed theory, the segregation analysis procedure was established for studying the genetic system of quantitative traits of plants. At present this procedure can be used to evaluate the genetic effects of individual major genes (up to 2-3 major genes) and the collective genetic effects of polygenes as well as their heritability values. The present paper introduces the process of the establishment of the procedure, main achievements and application results. An example was given to illustrate the steps, methods and effectiveness of the procedure.

Key words: mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model, quantitative traits of plants, segregation analysis