Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between IL-10 promoter gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to endometriosis (EMs) in Chinese population. Amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reactions (ARMS-PCR) and DNA sequencing were performed to detect polymorphism of –1082G/A site and PCR-RFLP was used to determine the genotypes in –819T/C and –592A/C sites. One hundred and nineteen Chinese women with different stage EMs and 120 controls were employed in this study. Although there were no significant differences in the polymorphism of –1082 site between two groups (P>0.05), the frequencies of –819C, -592C alleles and –819 CC+TC, -592 CC+AC genotypes were significantly increased in EMs patients compared with the controls (P<0.05). The frequencies of –819C, -592C alleles and –819 CC+TC, -592 CC+AC genotypes were significantly increased in III-IV EMs patients compared with I-IIMs or controls (P<0.01). This suggests that polymorphisms of IL-10–819 (T/C) and –592 (A/C) may be associated with the susceptibility to EMs in Chinese population.