六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交后代中染色体遗传与结构变异鉴定

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.23-212

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 63-77.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.23-212

• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles

Investigation of chromosomal genetic characteristics and identification of structural variation in the offspring of hexaploid triticale×hexaploid wheat

Manyu Yang¹(), Fangjie Yao¹, Zujun Yang², Ennian Yang¹()

1. Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of P.R.C.), Key Laboratory of Tianfu Seed Industry Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China
2. School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China

Received:2023-08-04 Revised:2023-09-15 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2023-10-12
Contact: Ennian Yang E-mail:yangmanyu19861225@163.com;yangennian@126.com
Supported by:
Sichuan Wheat Breeding Community (No. 2021YFYZ0002)，the Sichuan Financial Special Project(2021ZYGG-003);Sichuan Wheat Breeding Community (No. 2021YFYZ0002)，the Sichuan Financial Special Project(2022ZZCX003);Sichuan Science and Technology Program of China(2022ZDZX0014);Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Abstract

Abstract:

Hexaploid triticale is an important genetic resource for genetic improvement of common wheat, which can broaden the genetic basis of wheat. In order to lay a foundation for the subsequent research and utilization of triticale germplasm materials, the chromosomal genetic characteristics of cross and backcross offspring of hexaploid triticale×hexaploid wheat were investigated in the process of transferring rye chromatin from hexaploid triticale to hexaploid wheat. Hybrid and backcross combinations were prepared with hexaploid triticale 16yin171 as the maternal parent and hexaploid wheat Chuanmai62 as the paternal parent. The chromosomes in root tip cells of F₁, BC₁F₁ and BC₁F₂ plants were traced and identified non-denaturing florescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH). The results indicated that the backcross setting rate of hybrid F₁was 2.61%. The transmission frequency of 2R chromosome was the highest in BC₁F₁ plants while the transmissibility of rye chromosome in BC₁F₂ plant was 6R>4R>2R, and the 5B-7B wheat translocation in BC₁F₂ plants showed severe segregation. A total of 24 structural variant chromosomes were observed both in BC₁F₁ and BC₁F₂plants, including chromosome fragments, isochromosomes, translocations, and dicentric chromosomes. In addition, the seed length and 1000-grain weight of some BC₁F₂ plants were better than that of the hexaploid wheat parent Chuanmai 62. Therefore, multiple backcrosses should be adopted as far as possible to make the rapid recovery of group D chromosomes, ensuring the recovery of fertility in offspring, when hexaploid tritriale is used as a bridge to introduce rye genetic material into common wheat. At the same time, the potential application value of chromosomal structural variation materials should be also concerned.

Key words: hexaploid triticale, hexaploid wheat, chromosomal inheritance, ND-FISH, chromosome structural variation

Manyu Yang, Fangjie Yao, Zujun Yang, Ennian Yang. Investigation of chromosomal genetic characteristics and identification of structural variation in the offspring of hexaploid triticale×hexaploid wheat[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2024, 46(1): 63-77.

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References 41

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杂交组合	世代	材料编号	育性	染色体数目	黑麦染色体	5B/7B/5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL传递类型	其他及变异染色体
16引171/ 川麦62// 川麦62	BC₁F₁	Z9-1	可育	44(3)	2R、6R、4R^Broken	15B+17B+15BS·7BS+15BL·7BL	1*6D
		Z9-2	不育	42(5)	2R、3R、4R、6R、7R	25BS·7BS+25BL·7BL	11D、12D、13D、14D、1*6D
		Z9-3	不育	39(0)	/	15B+17B+15BS·7BS+15BL·7BL	11D、12D、1*3D
		Z9-4	不育	43(5)	2R、3R^Broken、4R、5R、7R	25BS·7BS+25BL·7BL	11D、12D、15D、17D
		Z9-5	不育	43(5)	2R、3R、5R、6R、7R	17B+15BS·7BS+2*5BL·7BL	11D、12D、13D、15D、17D、37A
		Z9-6	不育	39(3T)	1R、5R、7R、4DS·4DL-2RL	15B+17B+15BS·7BS+15BL·7BL	11D、12D、13D、14D、15D、16D、1*7D、4DS·4DL-2RL

BC₁F₂植株的染色体数目	BC₁F₂植株数	比例(%)	黑麦染色体数目	BC₁F₂植株数	比例(%)	黑麦染色体	BC₁F₂植株数	比例(%)
40	1	0.96	0	31	29.81	2R	23	22.12
41	37	35.58	0.5	3	2.88	4R^B	35	33.65
41.5	3	2.88	1	42	40.38	6R	41	39.42
42	34	32.69	1.5	8	7.69
42.5	8	7.69	2	15	14.42
43	10	9.62	3	3	2.88
43.5	1	0.96	3.5	1	0.96
44	7	6.73	4	1	0.96
44.5	1	0.96
45	2	1.92

6D	BC₁F₂植株数	比例(%)	后代中传递类型	BC₁F₂植株数	比例(%)
0*6D	20	19.23	15B+17B+15BS·7BS+15BL·7BL	51	49.04
1*6D	65	62.50	25B+27B	13	12.50
2*6D	19	18.27	25BS·7BS+25BL·7BL	31	29.81
			其他	9	8.65

BC₁F₂材料编号	染色体数目	黑麦染色体	变异类型
23-F141-3	42.5	2RS	2RS-
23-F141-6	42	4R^Broken	3DL·3DL·2RL
23-F141-11	41.5	6R、4R^Broken	2BS·2BL^Broken
23-F141-15	41.5	6R^Broken	6RS·6RL^Broken
23-F141-16	42.5	2RS、4R^Broken	2RS-
23-F141-21	40	/	6DS·6DL·2AL
23-F141-23	42.5	2RS、6R	2RS-
23-F141-27	43	2RL·2RL、6R、4R^Broken	2RL·2RL
23-F141-44	43	6R、6RL、4RL?	4RL?-
23-F141-50	41	/	4BS^Broken·4BL
23-F141-54	45	2R^Broken、6R、2*4R^Broken	2RS·2RL^Broken
23-F141-57	44	6R、6RL·4RL^Broken	4RL^Broken·6RL
23-F141-70	42.5	2R、2RS	2RS-
23-F141-74	42.5	6RS、4R^Broken	6RS-
23-F141-79	42.5	2RS、4R^Broken	2RS-
23-F141-82	42.5	4R^Broken、6BS·2RL	6BS·2RL、BS^Broken·6BL
23-F141-87	44.5	2R、2*4R^Broken、6RS	5BL·6RL
23-F141-88	44	2R	14BS·4BS、24BL·4BL
23-F141-92	43.5	6R、6RS	6RS-
23-F141-93	42	2RS·2RS	2RS·2RS
23-F141-96	41	/	7DL·7AS·7AL
23-F141-102	41.5	6R、6RL	6RL-
23-F141-103	41	7DL·2RS	7DL·2RS
23-F141-104	42.5	6R、4R^Broken	4BL-

染色体片段	等臂染色体	小麦-黑麦整臂易位	双着丝粒染色体	黑麦-黑麦易位
2RS-	4BS·4BS	5BL·6RL	3DL·3DL·2RL	4RL^Broken·6RL
4RL?-	4BL·4BL	6BS·2RL	6DS·6DL·2AL
6RL-	2RL·2RL	7DL·2RS	7DL·7AS·7AL
6RS-	2RS·2RS
4BL-
2RS·2RL^Broken
6RS·6RL^Broken
2BS·2BL^Broken
4BS^Broken·4BL
6BS^Broken·6BL

Investigation of chromosomal genetic characteristics and identification of structural variation in the offspring of hexaploid triticale×hexaploid wheat

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