中药植物紫草天然产物的生物合成及其功能研究进展

林红燕, 王煊, 何聪, 周紫玲, 杨旻恺, 文钟灵, 韩洪苇, 陆桂华, 戚金亮, 杨永华

Progress on biosynthesis and function of the natural products of Zi Cao as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb

Lin Hongyan, Wang Xuan, He Cong, Zhou Ziling, Yang Minkai, Wen Zhongling, Han Hongwei, Lu Guihua, Qi Jinliang, Yang Yonghua

图2 紫草素的生物合成途径 根据参考文献[21]修改绘制。 ACTH: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase,乙酰乙酰辅酶A硫解酶;C4H: cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase,肉桂酸-4-羟化酶;4-CL: 4-coumarate:CoA ligase,4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶;CDPMEK: 4-(cytidine 59-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2-phosphokinase,4-二磷酸胞苷-2-C-甲基-D-赤藓醇激酶;DXPS: 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase,1-脱氧-D-木酮糖-5-磷酸合酶;DXR: 5-phosphoric acid-deoxyxylulose reductase,5-磷酸-去氧木酮糖还原酶;GDPS: geranyldiphosphate synthase,焦磷酸香叶酯合酶;GHQH: geranylhydroquinone 3’-hydroxylase,香叶基氢醌3ʹ-羟化酶;HDR: 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase,1-羟基-2-甲基-2-(E)-丁烯基-4-焦磷酸还原酶;HDS: 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-diphosphate synthase,1-羟基-2-甲基-2-(E)-丁烯基-4-二磷酸合酶;HMGR: hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase,甲戊二羟酸单酰辅酶A还原酶;HMGS: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase,3-羟基-3-甲基-戊二酰辅酶A合成酶;MCT: 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase,2-C-甲基-D-赤藓糖醇4-磷酸胞苷转移酶;MECDPS: 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase, 2-C-甲基-D-赤藓糖醇2,4-环焦磷酸合成酶;MVAK: mevalonate 5-phospho kinase,甲羟戊酸5-磷酸激酶;MVDD: mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase,甲羟戊酸5-焦磷酸脱羧酶;PAL: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,苯丙氨酸解氨酶;PGT: p-hydroxybenzoate geranyltransferase,对羟基苯甲酸香叶基转移酶;PMVK: 5-phosphomevalonate phosphokinase,磷酸甲羟戊二酸激酶;SAT: shikonin acetyltransferase,紫草宁乙酰转移酶。

Fig. 2 Biosynthetic pathway of shikonins