Abstract: In order to study the inheritance of poly-row-and-branched spike (PRBS) in barley, the row types of F1s, F2s, F3s of four crosses ( six-row × two-row, PRBS × two-row, PRBS × six-row and six-row × PRBS ) were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that one pair of recessive genes controls the PBRS mutant trait, which has recessive epistasis on the genes controlling two-row vs. six-row.