In this study, 115 Populus nigra L. collected from Europe were used as materials. They were detected for SNPs of genes linked with lignin and holocellulose (4CL, PAL and CesA2) by TaqMan technology and correlations between SNPs and wood properties (the wood speciely gravity, fiber length, fiber width, microfibre angle, lignin, holocellulose content and a-Cellulose content) were also studied. results showed that (1) 27 SNPs were obtained in the genes, such as 4CL, PAL and CesA2 associated with lignin synthesis. Among them, 17 SNPs were transition (A-G, C-T), 10 SNPs were transversion (A-C, G-C, G-T, and A-T). (2) Three of the SNPs were discriminated, a significant negative correlation between holocellulose content of four-year old P. nigra and SNP1 was detected, and contribution ratio was 11.11%. SNP2 and SNP3 had no sig-nificant correlation with wood properties. (3) Wood properties of various genotypes of SNP1 were significantly different. CC and CT genotype relative to TT genotype had larger holocellulose content. SNP1 would be an efficient marker to choose P. nigra gene resources that have larger holocellulose content.