Abstract: Using the fluorescence labeled capillary electrophoresis of multi-PCR technique, the single nucleotide poly-morphism (SNP) typing system of fragment length discrepant allele specific fluorescence labeled multi-PCR technique is established based on the principle of allele-specific PCR. The typing of the 13 SNP loci can be completed simultaneously according to the length of PCR products and the number of product peaks. It appears a single product peak when the SNP is homozygous, and two product peaks with 4 bp differences will appear when it is heterozygous. By using this system, we conducted population census about allele frequencies for 13 autosomal SNP loci in Southern Liaoning Han samples, Mon-golian samples in Inner Mongolia and Zhuang samples in Guangxi area, and got the allele frequencies of the 13 SNP loci in the three populations, then preliminarily discussed their genetic relationship by comparing their differences in allelic poly-morphism. The results indicate that the allelic distributions of the 13 SNP loci in the three populations are polymorphic, and the difference is significant in some SNP loci (P≤0.01). The sampling survey shows that the result is consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and Han population in southern Liaoning has relatively closer relationship with Mongolian in Inner Mongolia than with Zhuang population in Guangxi by origin.