miRNA参与调控植物应答干旱、盐胁迫的研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.25-181

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 61-75.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.25-181

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Progress on miRNAs involved in regulating plant responses to drought and salt stresses

Haodong Li¹^,²(), Jiaxin Meng², Hua Wang¹, Ningguang Dong²()

1. National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
2. Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China

Received:2025-06-23 Revised:2025-10-31 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2025-11-18
Contact: Ningguang Dong E-mail:2240898591@qq.com;dongningguang@baafs.net.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401631);Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Innovation Capability Construction Special Project(KJCX20251401)

Abstract

Abstract:

Drought and salt stress are common abiotic constraints that limit plant growth, development, and reproduction. In response, plants have evolved complex molecular regulatory networks enabling them to perceive external stresses acutely and initiate rapid responses. Among these, microRNAs(miRNAs) play a pivotal role. Plant miRNAs are a class of non-coding small RNAs approximately 20-24 nucleotides in length, which exert their stress-responsive functions by cleaving target genes at the post-transcriptional level or inhibiting their translation. In recent years, with the rapid development and widespread application of high-throughput sequencing technology, a large number of miRNAs involved in drought and salt stress responses have been identified, and their functions and mechanisms of action have been gradually elucidated. In this review, we systematically summarize the molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs participate in regulating plant responses to drought and salt stress, comprehensively illustrating the commonality and specificityof miRNA-mediated drought resistance and salt tolerance in plants. We also compile and discuss the miRNAs that could serve as potential targets for biological breeding. The aim is to provide a reference for in-depth research on plant miRNAs, as well as a theoretical basis and forward-looking perspectives for their practical application in the genetic improvement of drought resistance and salt tolerance in plants.

Key words: plants, microRNA, drought stress, salt stress

Haodong Li, Jiaxin Meng, Hua Wang, Ningguang Dong. Progress on miRNAs involved in regulating plant responses to drought and salt stresses[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2026, 48(1): 61-75.

Figures/Tables 2

Fig. 1

Table 1

The function of miRNAs in plants’ response to drought and salt stress"

物种	miRNA	胁迫类型	生物学功能	参考文献
谷子(Setaria italica)	miR396	干旱	促进根系发育	[31]
马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)	miR394	干旱	促进根系发育	[32]
	miR169a	干旱	根系纵深扩展	[33]
	miR827	干旱	调节气孔密度	[43]
	miR398	干旱	调节SOD活性，促进ROS清除	[64]
	miR156	干旱	调节花青素合成，减轻氧化损伤	[70]
玉米(Zea mays)	miR394	干旱	促进侧根发育	[34]
	miR166	干旱	促进维管系统发育	[35]
	miR408	盐	调节木质素合成	[107]
菊花(Chrysanthemum morifolium)	miR396a	干旱	调节节间生长	[37]
大麦(Hordeum vulgare)	miR393	干旱	调节气孔密度和保卫细胞长度	[41]
大麦(Hordeum vulgare)	miR827	干旱	影响花期	[46]
杨树(Populus spp.)	miR159a	干旱	调节气孔开度	[42]
	miR6445	干旱	促进ROS清除	[66]
	miR319	盐	调节Na⁺和K⁺积累	[83]
	miR169	盐	调节ABA合成	[94]
	miR408	干旱	调控木质素合成	[106]
竹叶花椒(Zanthoxylum armatum)	miR156	干旱	影响种子萌发和幼苗生长	[45]
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)	miR159	干旱	影响种子萌发	[47]
	miR160	干旱	介导生长素信号调控叶片发育	[52]
	miR167	干旱	调节生长素合成	[53]
	miR159	干旱	调节ABA合成	[47]
	miR165/166	干旱	调节ABA合成	[57]
	miR399	盐	调控磷酸盐转运	[81]
	miR393	盐	调节IAA合成	[91]
	miR390	盐	调节APX活性	[104]
苹果(Malus domestica)	miR156	干旱	调控生长素信号	[51]
	miR156	干旱	调节生长素合成	[54]
	miR164	干旱	调节POD活性，促进ROS清除	[63]
	miR156	干旱	调节类黄酮合成，减轻氧化损伤	[69]
	miR171	干旱	调控抗坏血酸合成，促进ROS清除	[74]
水稻(Oryza sativa)	miR2105	干旱	调控ABA合成	[58]
	miR166	干旱	调节茎木质部发育	[36]
	miR164	干旱	调节ABA合成	[59]
	miR171	干旱	调节类黄酮合成，减轻氧化损伤	[68]
	miR171	盐	调节脯氨酸含量	[85]
	miR820	盐	调节脯氨酸含量	[86]
	miR1848	盐	调节植物甾醇和BR合成	[98]
	miR168	盐	调节BR合成	[99]
	miR528	盐	调节抗坏血酸合成	[102]
	miR172	盐	调控ROS平衡	[103]
大豆(Glycine max)	miR398	干旱	调节POD活性，促进ROS清除	[65]
	miR4359	盐	调节抗氧化酶活性，减轻氧化损伤	[87]
	miR164	盐	调控ROS平衡	[101]
小麦(Triticum aestivum)	miR1119	干旱	调节抗氧化酶活性，促进ROS清除	[67]
紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)	miR156	干旱	促进花青素合成，减轻氧化损伤	[71]
葡萄(Vitis vinifera)	miR156	干旱	促进花青素合成，减轻氧化损伤	[72]
白桦(Betula platyphylla)	miR408	干旱	调节Na⁺积累	[82]
匍匐剪股颖(Agrostis stolonifera)	miR396	盐	调节Na⁺和H⁺转运	[84]
花生(Arachis hypogaea)	miR160	盐	介导生长素信号传导	[92]
柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)	miR167	盐	调节生长素合成	[93]
棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)	miR390	盐	调节ABA合成	[96]
柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum)	miR319	盐	调节乙烯合成	[97]
红豆(Abrus precatorius)	miR408	干旱	调节木质素合成	[105]
油菜(Brassica napus)	miR169n	干旱	调节根系生长	[113]
海竹(Yushania qiaojiaensis)	miR169b	盐、干旱	调节根系生长	[114]
旋花科植物(Jacquemontia pentantha)	miR396	干旱	‒	[115]
芍药(Paeonia lactiflora)	miR396	干旱	‒	[116]
蒺藜状苜蓿(Medicago truncatula)	miR156	盐	‒	[118]
鹰嘴豆(Cicer arietinum)	miR396	干旱	靶向87种代谢物	[117]
萱草(Hemerocallis fulva)	miR156	盐	调节根叶生长	[124]
向日葵(Helianthus annuus)	miR390	盐	调节IAA合成	[125]

Table 1

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Progress on miRNAs involved in regulating plant responses to drought and salt stresses

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