基于全基因组测序的大熊猫源厌氧大肠杆菌抗性与毒力基因分析

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.25-137

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 213-226.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.25-137

• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles

Analysis of resistance and virulence genes in anaerobic Escherichia coli from giant pandas based on whole genome sequencing

Chengxi Liu¹(), Wenwen Deng¹^,², Mei Long³, Shengzhi Yang⁴, Xinfeng Han⁵, Caiwu Li², Ke Zhao¹, Likou Zou¹()

1. College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
2. China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611830, China
3. Sichuan Wolong National Natural Reserve Administration, Wenchuan 623006, China
4. College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China
5. College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2025-05-13 Revised:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-11 Published:2025-08-11
Contact: Likou Zou E-mail:liuchengxi95@163.com;zoulikou@sicau.edu.cn
Supported by:
International Cooperation Funding Project for Giant Pandas (“The Giant Panda Microbiome Research and Biobank Establishment”)

Abstract

Abstract:

Escherichia coli is a facultative anaerobic bacterium frequently detected rate in the intestines of giant pandas. In this study, we isolated 169 anaerobic bacterial strains from fresh fecal samples of 13 giant pandas, including 13 strains of E. coli. Through whole-genome sequencing and analysis, we classified 13 E. coli strains into 9 distinct sequence types (STs), and identified 96 antibiotic resistance genes, 103 heavy metal resistance genes and 213 virulence genes. Notably, we observed the widespread presence of the mdtA, mdtB, mdtC and cusA, cusB, cusC, cusF gene in all E. coli isolates. Further genetic environment analysis revealed the presence of baeS/baeR upstream of mdtABC, a two-component system capable of regulating efflux pump expression to mediate resistance. The cusABCF operon was flanked by siderophore-related virulence genes (fepA and entD) upstream and the cusS/cusR regulatory system downstream. We also identified mobile genetic elements adjacent to these operons, which may facilitate the horizontal transfer of resistance and virulence determinants. This genome-based investigation systematically characterized antibiotic/metal resistance and virulence profiles in E. coli strains derived from giant panda, providing critical insights for safeguarding the health and welfare of this endangered species.

Key words: giant panda, Escherichia coli, anaerobic, whole genome sequencing, resistance

Chengxi Liu, Wenwen Deng, Mei Long, Shengzhi Yang, Xinfeng Han, Caiwu Li, Ke Zhao, Likou Zou. Analysis of resistance and virulence genes in anaerobic Escherichia coli from giant pandas based on whole genome sequencing[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2026, 48(2): 213-226.

Figures/Tables 11

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编号	年龄(年)	性别	年龄组
PY	0.02	雄	幼年
YH	0.38	雄	幼年
ZC	0.57	雌	幼年
QB	1.52	雌	亚成年
CTJ	2.5	雄	亚成年
EE	3.52	雌	亚成年
JM	7.5	雌	成年
SB	13.5	雌	成年
LL	14.1	雄	成年
CC	16.1	雌	成年
YY	21	雄	老年
LLU	24.1	雄	老年
QY	29.1	雌	老年

Analysis of resistance and virulence genes in anaerobic Escherichia coli from giant pandas based on whole genome sequencing

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