遗传 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 1087-1098.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2014.1087

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

全基因组测序及其在遗传性疾病研究及诊断中的应用

吴金雨1,邵谦之2,李津臣3,冉霞2,姜毅2,胡闪闪1   

  1.  

    1. 温州医科大学基因组医学研究院, 温州325000;

    2. 中国科学院北京生命科学研究院, 北京100101

  • 收稿日期:2014-09-01 修回日期:2014-10-15 出版日期:2014-11-20 发布日期:2014-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 吴金雨 E-mail:wujy@mail.biols.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    基于高通量测序的DNA甲基化分析软件的开发及其在卵巢癌中的应用

Whole-genome sequencing and its application in the research and diagnoses of genetic diseases

Qianzhi Shao, Yi Jiang, Jinyu Wu   

  1.  

    1. Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China;

    2. Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China 

  • Received:2014-09-01 Revised:2014-10-15 Online:2014-11-20 Published:2014-10-28

摘要:

最近,随着测序成本的不断降低,数据分析策略的不断提升,全基因组测序(whole-genome sequencing,WGS)已经在癌症、孟德尔遗传病、复杂疾病的致病基因检测中得到了一定运用,并逐步走向了临床诊断。全基因组测序不但可以检测编码区和非编码区的点突变(SNVs)和插入缺失(InDels),还可以在全基因组范围内检测拷贝数变异(copy number variation,CNV)以及结构变异(structure variation,SV)。本文详细地介绍了全基因组测序的标准生物信息分析流程与方法,及其在疾病研究、临床诊断中的应用,并对全基因组测序在医学遗传学中的应用与研究进展,以及数据分析方面面临的挑战进行了概述。

关键词: 全基因组测序, 遗传性疾病, 致病基因, 临床诊断

Abstract:

Recently, with the decreasing cost of DNA sequencing and improving strategy of data analysis, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has been used for detection of pathogenic genes in cancer, Mendelian diseases and other complex diseases and gradually become applicable for clinical diagnosis. WGS enables not only the identification of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions and deletions (InDels) both in coding region and non-coding regions, but also the detection of copy number variations (CNVs) and structural variations (SVs) on a genome scale. In this review, we discuss the canonical workflow and methods of bioinformatics analysis in WGS, and its application in disease research and clinical diagnosis. In addition, this review provides an overview in application, progress and challenge on WGS in medical genetics

Key words: whole-genome sequencing, genetic diseases, pathogenic genes, clinical diagnosis