遗传 ›› 2010, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 1133-1140.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2010.01133

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

马毛色遗传的分子基础与应用

李蓓1, 何小龙3, 赵一萍1, 王晓静1, 芒来2, 张焱如2   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院, 呼和浩特 010018; 2. 内蒙古农业大学生命科学学院, 呼和浩特 010018; 3. 内蒙古农牧业科学院, 呼和浩特010031
  • 收稿日期:2010-02-11 修回日期:2010-04-19 出版日期:2010-11-20 发布日期:2010-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 芒来;张焱如 E-mail:dmanglai@yahoo.com.cn;yanru1964@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    农业部科技项目畜禽种质资源标准化整理整合及共享平台建设项目(编号:2005DKA21101),中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(编号:ZN200901)和内蒙古农业大学科技创新团队项目

Molecular basis and applicability in equine color genetics

LI Bei1, HE Xiao-Long3, ZHAO Yi-Ping1, WANG Xiao-Jing1, Dugarjaviin Manglai2, ZHANG Yan-Ru2   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
     2. College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China, 
    3. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Hohho, 010031, China
  • Received:2010-02-11 Revised:2010-04-19 Online:2010-11-20 Published:2010-11-25
  • Contact: Dugarjaviin Manglai,ZHANG Yan-Ru E-mail:dmanglai@yahoo.com.cn;yanru1964@163.com

摘要: 毛色不仅是马品种和个体识别的重要依据, 而且还可以作为某些疾病筛查的有力工具和手段。马的毛色主要由黑色素细胞产生的真黑素和褐黑素两种黑色素的分布及比例所决定, 许多基因对黑色素的产生和分布的调控起着重要的作用, 各基因相互间共同作用最终形成各种单毛色和复毛色, 这些基因主要包括MC1R、ASIP、KIT、TYRPEDNRB。另外STX17、MATPPMEL17也在马毛色形成过程具有重要的作用, 同时还发现个别毛色基因与黑色素瘤疾病有关。文章对近年来马主要毛色候选基因的作用机理、DNA序列多态性与毛色性状及黑色素瘤疾病的关系等研究进行了详细的阐述, 为今后马匹育种工作和疾病防治提供重要理论依据。

关键词: 马, 毛色性状, 候选基因, 黑色素瘤

Abstract: Coat color can be used not only in identifying individuals and species, but also in diagnosing certain diseases. The coat color of horse mainly denpends on the distribution and proportion of eumelanin and phaeomelanin, generated by melanocytes, which are regulated by the genes such as MC1R, ASIP, KIT, TYRP, and EDNRB. In addition, STX17, MATP, and PMEL17 also play a role in the formation of coat color of horse. In this review, the action mechanism of candidate genes for coat color and association of DNA sequence polymorphism of these candidate genes with color pattern pheno-types and melanoma were summarized in details, which provides efficient theoretical support for horse breeding and control of the horse diseases.

Key words: horse, coat colour pattern, candidate gene, melanoma