表观遗传学综合性实验设计与探讨

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.21-294

遗传 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 1179-1187.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.21-294

• 遗传学教学 • 上一篇

表观遗传学综合性实验设计与探讨

张向前¹(), 李楠², 解新明¹

1. 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广州 510642
2. 华南农业大学基础实验与实践训练中心,广州 510642

收稿日期:2021-08-10 修回日期:2021-10-10 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2021-10-21
作者简介:张向前,博士,教授,研究方向：植物分子育种。E-mail: aacrav@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目编号(31671594);华南农业大学教学改革与研究项目资助编号(JG19104);华南农业大学教学改革与研究项目资助编号(JG20046)

Design and exploration of epigenetic comprehensive experiments

Xiangqian Zhang¹(), Nan Li², Xinming Xie¹

1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2. Experimental basis and practical training center, South China Agricultural University, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2021-08-10 Revised:2021-10-10 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2021-10-21
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No(31671594);Teaching Reform and Research Projects of South China Agricultural University Nos(JG19104);Teaching Reform and Research Projects of South China Agricultural University Nos(JG20046)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

表观遗传学是构筑完整的遗传学架构的必要内容,是现代遗传学教学的重点和难点之一。为了使学生更好地掌握这方面知识,本文以科学研究中发现的一个具有表观遗传特性的水稻突变体(epigenetic short panicle, esp)为实验材料,设计了一个表观遗传学综合性实验。水稻esp突变体植株变矮、穗长缩短、穗型直立且着粒密度增加。突变机理研究表明,DNA甲基化修饰变异引起ESP过量表达是产生突变表型的原因。该实验以突变体表型观测作为切入点,将科学研究与课程教学、课程实验与开放实验深度融合,向学生展现了一个典型表观遗传学研究课题的完整脉络和前沿技术。通过该实验,学生能对表观遗传学有一个更为直观的认识,可深入理解表型与基因型、表观遗传修饰与基因表达之间的关系,有助于培养学生的科学思维和创新能力。

关键词: 表观遗传学, 综合性实验, 实验教学, DNA甲基化

Abstract:

Epigenetics is the necessary content to constitute a complete genetic framework, and has become one of the focuses and difficulties of modern genetics education. Here we design a comprehensive experiment for epigenetics by utilizing a rice epigenetic short panicle (esp) mutant identified previously in our research project. The esp mutants show a shortened and compressed panicle phenotype, which is associated with hypomethylation in the transcriptional termination region of ESP gene, causing ESP overexpression in the esp mutants. This experiment uses mutant phenotypic observation as a starting point, integrates scientific research and course teaching, course experiment and open experiment, and demonstrates to students the full picture of a typical epigenetic science research and leading technology. The comprehensive experiment will deepen students’ understanding of the relationship between phenotypes and genotypes, epigenetic modification and gene expression, and help them master the effective way of thinking for scientific research to further improve their ability of innovative abilities.

Key words: epigenetics, comprehensive experiment, experimental teaching, DNA methylation

张向前, 李楠, 解新明. 表观遗传学综合性实验设计与探讨[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(12): 1179-1187.

Xiangqian Zhang, Nan Li, Xinming Xie. Design and exploration of epigenetic comprehensive experiments[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2021, 43(12): 1179-1187.

图/表 4

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引物名称	引物序列(5′→3′)	位置/基因	实验目的	标记类型
RM140	F: TGCCTCTTCCCTGGCTCCCCTG	Chr.1	图位克隆	SSR
RM140	R: GGCATGCCGAATGAAATGCATG	Chr.1	图位克隆	SSR
RM466	F: TCCATCACCACATTCCCC	Chr.1	图位克隆	SSR
RM466	R: ACCCTTCTCTCGCTCTCTCC	Chr.1	图位克隆	SSR
PSM377	F: CTCACAAGAACGCCACAAAA	Chr.3	图位克隆	SSR
PSM377	R: TGACCAGAAAGGAGAAGGAAA	Chr.3	图位克隆	SSR
PSM382	F: GCAAGGGACCAACCAACCT	Chr.4	图位克隆	SSR
PSM382	R: ACACGCACTCGCACTACTCG	Chr.4	图位克隆	SSR
AP003312-0	F: CGTTCAGGAAAGTAGTGCAAGCC	Chr.1	图位克隆	InDel
AP003312-0	R: TCCAATTGAGTATGTGTGCTCA	Chr.1	图位克隆	InDel
AP003312-1	F: TGATGATACATGGGTCACCAGT	Chr.1	图位克隆	InDel
AP003312-1	R: GGTACTCGACTACTCTGCCC	Chr.1	图位克隆	InDel
OS01T0356900-RT	F: CACCGTTTTTCGAAGGATACTG	Os01g0356900	RT-PCR	/
OS01T0356900-RT	R: TCAATGTGGTTAAAGCATGAGC	Os01g0356900	RT-PCR	/
01G0356951-RT	F: ATCGCTATCTCGCCGAGTC	Os01g0356951	RT-PCR	/
01G0356951-RT	R: CAGCAAGTCTCCACAGTCCA	Os01g0356951	RT-PCR	/
OS01T0357100-RT	F: CGACGAACTTGTGAACCATTTT	Os01g0357100	RT-PCR	/
OS01T0357100-RT	R: CCAACACCGCAATTAACTGATA	Os01g0357100	RT-PCR	/
OS01T0357200-RT	F: TTTCGACGAGGAGGTATTCATC	Os01g0357200	RT-PCR	/
OS01T0357200-RT	R: CTCCCCTTGATCTTCAATTTGC	Os01g0357200	RT-PCR	/

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表观遗传学综合性实验设计与探讨

Design and exploration of epigenetic comprehensive experiments

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