目标基因替换是基因功能分析的重要手段。随着基因组测序和转化技术的进展, 该技术在丝状真菌功能基因组学中的应用越来越广泛, 新的体系与方法不断建立和完善。文章在转化体系、打靶载体构建、突变体筛选等方面综述了丝状真菌目标基因替换过程中的策略与方法, 并对各方法的优缺点及发展趋势进行了评述。

Targeted gene replacement (TGR) is an important technique for gene function analysis. With the development of genome sequencing and transformation, TGR has been applied widely to filamentous fungi, and many new systems and approaches have been established. In this paper, strategies involved in TGR in filamentous fungi were reviewed, including transformation systems, targeting vector construction, mutant selection and so on. Compared with TGR, RNAi and other techniques of gene function analysis were introduced and reviewed as well.