应用复合PCR及基因扫描技术, 对云南白族、傣族、彝族人群X染色体3个STR基因座DXS6804、DXS6799、DXS7132的遗传多态性进行研究。白族89个样本中共检出18个等位基因, 38个基因型, 等位基因频率分布在0.0200~0.6400之间, 基因型频率分布在0.0256~0.3333之间; 傣族100个样本中共检出17个等位基因, 24个基因型, 等位基因频率分布在0.0135~0.7500之间, 基因型频率分布在0.0385~0.5769之间; 彝族88个样本中共检出20个等位基因, 35个基因型, 等位基因频率分布在0.0125~0.5875之间, 基因型频率分布在0.0250~0.3500之间。群体遗传多态性指标及法医学应用指标统计结果显示, 3个基因座在云南3个少数民族人群中均具有高度多态性。聚类分析和系统进化关系分析发现, 彝族、白族、傣族与藏族之间的遗传关系较近。

To determine the genetic polymorphism of three X-STR loci for Bai, Dai, Yi ethnic groups from Yunnan Prov-ince, DXS6804, DXS6799 and DXS7132 were genotyped by multiplex PCR and Genscan. Eighteen alleles and thirty-eight genotypes were detected in 89 Bai unrelated persons. The gene frequencies ranged from 0.0200 to 0.6400, and the geno-types frequencies ranged from 0.0256 to 0.3333. Seventeen alleles and twenty-four genotypes were detected in 100 Dai unrelated persons, with the gene frequencies ranging from 0.0135 to 0.7500 and the genotypes frequencies ranging from 0.0385 to 0.5769 respectively. There were 20 alleles and 35 genotypes detected in 88 Yi unrelated persons. The gene fre-quencies ranged from 0.0125 to 0.5875, and the genotypes frequencies ranged from 0.0250 to 0.3500. The genetic informa-tion demonstrated that the three loci are highly polymorphisms in Bai, Dai, Yi ethnic groups. Cluster analysis and phylo-genic tree showed the genetic affinity between Bai, Dai, Yi, and Tibet populations.