食管鳞状细胞癌(Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, ESCC)的临床诊断和治疗方案虽经不断改进, 但是总体5年生存率仍然较低。文章应用间期细胞核荧光原位杂交(Fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH)技术, 对220例食管鳞癌组织标本的3、8、10、20和Y染色体进行检测, 分析其与临床病理参数之间的相关性。发现所测常染色体在食管癌组织中均存在较高的数目畸变率, 主要表现为染色体增益, 包括三体、四体及多体。4条常染色体3、8、10和20号染色体增益率分别为84.9%、77.5%、63.7%和83.2%, 其中多体率各为24.6%、34.9%、23.4%和31.7%。Y染色体在61.2%的男性患者表现缺失。3、8、10和20号探针联合检测食管癌的阳性率为74.5%, 3、8、20和Y染色体探针联合检测男性食管癌的阳性率为85.0%。这些结果提示3、8、10和20号染色体的探针组合和3、8、20和Y染色体探针组合有可能用于食管癌的辅助诊断, 且在诊断男性食管癌病例时后者优于前者。
Although the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have been improved considerably, the five-year survival rate is still not satisfied. To detect the numberial aberrations of the chromo-somes in ESCC, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on interphase nuclei prepared from 220 esophag-eal carcinoma tissues with specific centromeric probes for chromosomes 3, 8, 10, 20 and Y. The main aberrations of the euchromosomes was chromosome gain, including trisome, tetrasome, and polysome. The gain rates of the four euchromo-some were 84.9%, 77.5%, 63.7% and 83.2%, and the frequencies of polysome for each euchromosome were 24.6%, 34.9%, 23.4% and 31.7%, respectively. Loss of chromosome Y was observed in 61.2% of male patients. The combination of the four chromosome probes 3, 8, 10 and 20 detected 74.5% of ESCC and the combination of 3, 8, 20 and Y detected 85.0%. These results indicated that both sets of the four centromeric probe combinations provide candidate biomarkers for the di-agnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
