选择分别与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和Na+/K+-ATP酶基因紧密连锁的3个微卫星座位BMS2258、SOD1和BM723, 采用PCR及非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析其在130头荷斯坦牛中的遗传变异, 计算了3个微卫星座位的多态信息含量、有效等位基因数和遗传杂合度, 并利用最小二乘法拟合线性模型初步探索了它们与荷斯坦牛夏、秋季GSH-Px、SOD、Na+/K+-ATP酶活性及日产奶量的关系。结果表明, 3个微卫星座位与其紧密连锁基因的酶活性及日产奶量均存在显著相关(P<0.05)。BMS2258座位182 bp/164 bp的GSH-Px活性和日产奶量对应的最小二乘均值较高; SOD1座位148 bp/146 bp对应的SOD活性的最小二乘均值较高, 148 bp/148 bp对应的日产奶量最小二乘均值较高; BMS2258座位161 bp/111 bp对应的Na+/K+-ATP酶活性和日产奶量的最小二乘均值较高, 它们是各自座位上的最有利基因型。
Genetic variation of three microsatellite loci BMS2258, SOD1, and BM723, which were closely correlated with GSH-Px, SOD, and Na+/K+-ATPase genes, was analyzed in 130 Holstein cows by PCR and nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis. Polymorphic information content, effective number of alleles and heterozygosity of these microsatellite loci were determined. Relationships of the three microsatellite loci with enzyme activities and daily milk yields in Holstein cows were analyzed by least squares linear model. The results showed significant correlations of the three microsatellite loci with their corresponding enzyme activities and daily milk yield in summer and fall (P<0.05). The least square means of GSH-Px activities and daily milk yields for BMS2258 (182 bp/164 bp), SOD activities for SOD1 (148 bp/148 bp), and daily milk yields for SOD1 (148 bp/146 bp), Na+/K+-ATPase activities and daily milk yields for BM723 (161 bp/111 bp) were relatively higher. These genotypes were the most favorable genotypes for enzyme activity and daily milk yields in summer and fall, which could be references for marker assisted selection in heat resistance traits in dairy cattle.
[1] Zhang QR, Ni YD, Guo HB, Wang CG. Effects of Chinese herbal formula Heat-stress-releasing on antioxidant func-tion in dairy cows. Front Agric, 2007, 1(4): 478-480.
[2] 杨淑晶. 荷斯坦奶牛血液部分生化指标的季节性变化及其与奶牛耐热性相关性的研究[学位论文]. 新疆农业大学, 2005.
[3] 李忠浩, 孔丽娟, 刘庆华, 杜娟, 王丽, 狄和双, 王根林. 不同温湿指数下荷斯坦奶牛外周血抗氧化指标的变化及其与淋巴细胞凋亡的关系. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 37(3): 80-85.
[4] 史彬林, 闫素梅. 奶牛耐热评定指标的研究. 中国奶牛, 1996, 2: 20-22.
[5] 方晓敏, 许尚忠, 张英汉, 徐宁迎. 西门塔尔牛产奶性状的微卫星标记遗传效应分析. 遗传, 2005, 27(4): 571-574.
[6] 储明星, 周国利, 金海国, 石万海, 曹福存, 方丽, 叶素成, 朱颜. 7个微卫星座位与北京荷斯坦母牛体细胞评分关系的研究. 遗传学报, 2005, 32(5): 471-475.
[7] 杨笃宝, 吕品. 热应激对奶牛抗氧化性能的影响. 动物医学进展, 2006, 27(增刊): 99-100.
[8] Kappes SM, Keele JW, Stone RT, Mcgraw RA, Sonstegard TS, Smith TPL, Lopez-Corrales NL, Beattie CW. A sec-ond-generation linkage map of the bovine genome. Genome Res, 1997, 7(3): 235-249.
[9] Marquess FL. Brenneman RA, Schmutz SM, Taylor JF, Davis SK. A highly polymorphic bovine dinucleotide re-peat SOD1MICRO2. Anim Genet, 1997, 28(1): 70.
[10] Bishop MD, Kappes SM, Keele JW, Stone RT, Sunden SLF, Hawkins GA, Solinas Toldo S, Fries R, Grosz MD. Yoo J. Beattie CW. A genetic linkage map for cattle. Genetics, 1994, 136(2): 619-639.
[11] Bostein D, White RL, Skolnick M. Construction of a ge-netic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Gene, 1980, 32(3): 314-331.
[12] Todorova I, Simeonova G, Kyuchukova D, Dinev D, Gadjeva V. Reference values of oxidative stress parame-ters (MDA, SOD, CAT) in dogs and cats. Comp Clin Path, 2005, 13: 190-194.
[13] Muller FL, Lustgarten MS, Jang Y, Richardson A, Van Remmen H. Trends in oxidative aging theories. Free Radic Biol Med, 2007, 43(4): 477-503.
[14] 王镜岩, 朱圣庚, 徐长法. 生物化学(第三版), 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2002, 49-50.
[15] 吴小春, 廖立生. 自由基与钠钾ATP酶的损伤. 国外医学临床生物化学与医学检验分册, 1991, 12(2): 54-58.
[16] 王泽英, 黄金明, 王长法, 刘延鑫, 李大齐, 仲跻峰, 王根林. 荷斯坦牛血红细胞Na+-K+-ATP酶活力与其耐热性的相关性研究. 中国牛业科学, 2009, 35(3): 1-5.
