植物嫁接诱导的可遗传变异是一种普遍存在的现象, 但是关于嫁接变异产生的条件及机制一直是国内外备受争议的研究课题之一。近年来, 对于砧穗之间遗传物质的水平转移方面的研究取得了很大的进步。研究表明在嫁接植物体中, 来自砧木的遗传信号物质能够通过胞间连丝和维管束转移到接穗中并调控接穗的生长发育模式。而且, 一些非编码RNA还能通过表观遗传修饰改变植物的特性以应对嫁接冲击。文章主要从嫁接遗传变异的产生和维持机制两方面对最新的研究进展进行了系统地综述, 这对于深入理解嫁接变异的机理具有一定意义。
Inheritable variation induced by plant grafting is a universal phenomenon; however, its mechanism has always been a controversial subject. In recent years, research on horizontal transfer of genetic materials between stock and scion has made great progress. The latest studies have found that genetic information in grafted plants is transported through plasmodesma and phloem to modulate the growth and development of the scion plants. Furthermore, non-coding RNAs could induce epigenetic modification, which facilitates plants to adapt to the grafting-caused stress. This article focuses on the review of recent advances in the induction and maintenance of the graft-induced genetic variation and could be helpful in thoroughly understanding the mechanism.
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