肌肉生长抑制素基因(Myostatin, MSTN)属于转化生长因子β家族, 其主要功能是负向调控肌肉的生长发育。采用PCR-SSCP技术对黄颡鱼MSTN基因进行单核苷酸多态性检测和分型, 并与其生长性状进行关联分析。结果表明, 在第一内含子部分检测到1个缺失位点和2个突变位点(T1003del、G1022A和T1063G), 基因型分别为：AA、AB、CC、CD和DD; 在第三外显子部分检测到1个突变位点(T132C), 基因型分别为：EE和EF。关联性分析表明, AA基因型个体的全长、体长、体高、体厚、头长和体重显著大于CD和DD基因型(P<0.05), AA基因型雌性个体的全长、体长、体高、体厚、头长、尾柄高、尾柄厚和体重也显著大于DD基因型(P<0.05)。由此推断, AA基因型是影响雌性黄颡鱼生长性状的有利基因型, DD基因型是影响雌性黄颡鱼生长性状的不利基因型, 可以尝试利用这两个位点对雌性黄颡鱼进行标记辅助选育。
Myostatin (MSTN) gene has negative influence on the growth of muscle, which belongs to transforming growth factor-β family. Using single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MSTN gene were detected in yellow catfish. Correlation analysis between MSTN polymorphisms and growth traits was also carried out. Results indicated that five genotypes (AA, BB, CC, CD and DD) were found in the first intron with one deletion site and two mutant sites (T1003del, G1022A and T1063G), two genotypes (EE and EF) were found in the third exon with one mutant site (T132C). The individuals with genotypes AA had a lager value than the individuals with the genotype CD and DD in total length, body length, body height, body width, head length and body weight (P<0.05). The female individuals with genotypes AA also had a lager value than the female individuals with genotypes DD in total length, body length, body height, body width, caudal peduncle height, caudal peduncle width and body weight (P<0.05). This implies that genotype AA has a positive influence on the growth traits of female yellow catfish, and genotype DD is opposite. Genotypes AA and DD can be used in marker assisted selection of female yellow catfish breeding in the future.
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