微卫星标记分析水稻地方品种30年的遗传变异

严红梅，董超，张恩来，汤翠凤，阿新祥，杨文毅，杨雅云，张斐斐，徐福荣

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1005.2012.00087

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2012 , Vol. 34 >Issue 1: 87 - 94

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1005.2012.00087

研究报告

微卫星标记分析水稻地方品种30年的遗传变异

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1. 云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所, 昆明 650223 2. 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所, 农业部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室, 昆明 650223

收稿日期: 2011-04-10

修回日期: 2011-10-21

网络出版日期: 2012-01-25

基金资助

科技部重大基础性研究专项(编号：2006FY110700), 国家高技术研究发展计划项目(“863”计划)(编号：2010AA101805), 云南省科技创新强省计划项目(编号：2007C0219Z), 云南省社会发展科技计划项目(编号：2010CC009)和云南省人才培引项目(编号：2008PY049)资助

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Analysis of genetic variation in rice paddy landraces across 30 years as revealed by microsatellite DNA markers

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1. Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223, China 2. Key Lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223, China

Received date: 2011-04-10

Revised date: 2011-10-21

Online published: 2012-01-25

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摘要

为揭示水稻(Oryza sativa)地方品种30年的遗传变异状况, 文章通过60个SSR标记, 对元阳哈尼梯田农户在20世纪70年代种植的6个(简称“过去的品种”)和近10年间种植的对应6个(简称“当前的品种”)代表性水稻地方品种进行检测。结果表明, 共检测到159个等位基因(Na), 等位基因数1～4不等, 当前的品种较过去的品种减少7个等位基因。平均每个标记检测到的等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、基因型多样性(H′)和位点多态信息含量(PIC)4个指标均为过去的品种高于当前的品种, 分别是(Na)为2.567>2.450, (Ne)为2.052>1.968, (H′)为0.768>0.722, (PIC)为0.469>0.439。基于60个SSR标记, 过去6个品种间的遗传相似性系数(GS)平均值为0.437, 变幅为0.117～0.667, 而当前6个品种间平均值为0.473, 变幅为0.200～0.700。总的说来, 水稻地方品种经过30年自然和人工选择, 遗传多样性降低, 不同品种存在等位基因大小的差异程度不同。

关键词： 水稻; 等位基因位点; 元阳哈尼梯田; SSR标记; 遗传多样性

本文引用格式

严红梅，董超，张恩来，汤翠凤，阿新祥，杨文毅，杨雅云，张斐斐，徐福荣 . 微卫星标记分析水稻地方品种30年的遗传变异[J]. 遗传, 2012 , 34(1) : 87 -94 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2012.00087

Abstract

To reveal the genetic variation of rice paddy landraces across 30 years, we compared the genetic variation of between 6 paddy rice landraces grown in Yuanyang Hani’s terraced fields in Yuanyang County, Yunnan Province in the 1970s (past-grown landraces) and 6 paired ones that have been grown during the past decade (current-grown landraces) using 60 SSR markers. The results showed that one to four alleles were amplified in 60 loci and 159 alleles in all the landraces tested. The number of alleles from the current-grown landraces decreased by 7 alleles compared to the past-grown landraces. The average number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), locus polymorphism information content (PIC), and genotype diversity (H') of the past-grown landraces were higher than those of the current-grown landraces, with Na of 2.567>2.450, Ne of 2.052>1.968, PIC of 0.469>0.439, and H' of 0.768>0.722. The average genetic similarity coefficient (GS) of the past-grown landraces was 0.437 with a range from 0.200 to 0.700 based on the 60 SSR markers, and the average GS of the current-grown landraces was 0.473 with a range from 0.117 to 0.667. In conclusion, the genetic diversity in current-grown landraces was decreased compared to the past-grown landraces, and the degree of variation in some of the allele locus varied in different rice landraces as a result of 30 years’ natural and artificial selection.

Key words： Yuanyang Hani’s terraced fields; SSR markers; genetic diversity; alleles; paddy rice landraces

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