文章利用来源于不同国家和地区的102份陆地棉材料和85份海岛棉材料分别与陆地棉遗传标准系TM-1和海岛棉毛子品种新海13号杂交, 得到陆地棉和海岛棉两种F1群体, 同时从陆地棉F1群体中随机选取呈隐性性状的材料“库光子”、“SA65”和“陆无絮”后代, 配制3个F2分离群体, 用于进一步研究陆地棉和海岛棉光子性状遗传特征。结果表明：(1)同一材料种植于不同生态区, 其种子短绒多少存在变化, 新疆和海南要少于安阳, 说明棉花短绒多少和生态环境有关系; (2)陆地棉光子材料中26份(25.49%)呈显性遗传, 8份(7.84%)呈不完全显性遗传, 22(21.57%)份呈隐性遗传; 海岛棉光子材料中5份(5.88%)呈显性遗传, 16份(18.82%)呈部分显性遗传, 9份(10.59%)呈隐性遗传。其余为隐性性状或显性性状不明显材料和毛子材料; (3)库光子的光子性状由两对隐性等位基因控制, 并且有互补效应; 陆无絮的光子性状由两对隐性等位基因控制, 基因间呈积加作用; SA65的光子性状由单隐性基因控制。大量光子材料的初步鉴定为深入研究棉花纤维发育和育种利用提供了基础材料和理论依据。
The present study was conducted to evaluate genetic analysis of fuzzless seed trait in cotton. One hundred and two upland cotton (G. hirsutum) and eighty-five island cotton (G. barbadense) were used to cross with the same lines, TM-1 (G. hirsutum) and Xinhai 13 (G. barbadense), respectively. Two different F1 populations obtained were assessed to specify the dominant and recessive inheritance of fiber fuzziness in these lines. Three F1 populations (Kuguangzi × TM-1, Luwuxu × TM-1, and SA65 × TM-1) displaying recessive fiber fuzziness inheritance were selected to construct the F2 population for a further genetic study of fuzzless seed trait. The results of this study indicated that (1) the same materials showed different quantities of fuzzy fiber in different environments. Less fuzzy fiber was found in Xinjian and Hainan compared to Anyang. Thus, the quantity of fuzzy cotton seed depends on ecological environment. (2) In upland cotton, the inheritance of fiber fuzziness was dominant for 26 acces-sions (25.49%), incompletely dominant for 8 accessions (7.84%), and recessive for 22 accessions (21.57%). The inheritance of fiber fuzziness in island cotton was dominant for 5 accessions (5.88%), incompletely dominant for 16 accessions (18.82%), and recessive for 9 accessions (10.59%). Analysis of F2 population indicated that the fiber fuzziness of Kuguangzi was controlled by two recessive complementary effect alleles. The fiber fuzziness of Luwuxu was controlled by two recessive additive effect alleles, and a single recessive gene controlled the same trait for SA65. Fiber fuzziness evaluation in cotton germplasm provides the genetic and basic information for cotton fiber development study and breeding.
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