斑马鱼心脏再生是近年来心血管再生医学研究的新热点之一, 也是以斑马鱼为模式进行脊椎动物遗传发育研究的一个新的重要方向。通过了解斑马鱼成体心脏再生的过程和研究其分子和细胞机制有可能为诱导哺乳动物成体心脏再生、治疗心肌梗塞等人类心脏疾病提供理论依据。文章主要介绍通过简单的手术切除成体斑马鱼约20%心室造成成体心脏损伤、诱导心脏再生的操作方法与经验。其基本流程主要包括麻醉成鱼、在体视镜下用尖镊撕开斑马鱼心脏腹面的皮肤和心包膜以暴露心脏、用剪刀切除心尖区域的部分心室。这种方法的手术成功率可达90%以上, 操作简便且重复性好, 是目前研究斑马鱼成体心脏损伤-再生的最常用的方法。

In recent years, zebrafish has been found to be strikingly capable of heart regeneration at adult stage, which sheds lights on cardiac regenerative medicine, and has also become an important direction for the study of vertebrate genetic and developmental mechanisms. Dissecting the regeneration process and unraveling the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms might help recover the regeneration capacity of the mammalian heart and further provide instructions to poten-tial therapies for certain cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction. Here, we introduced a simple surgical method to construct heart injury and regeneration model in zebrafish through amputation of ~20% ventricle. The main procedure in-cludes anaesthetization of adult zebrafish, exposure of the heart by dissecting the nearby abdominal skin and opening the pericardium, and amputation of certain fraction of the ventricle at the cardiac apex under a stereo microscope. Over 90% success rate and easy handling with high reproducibility enable this method to be the most commonly used one for the study of zebrafish heart regeneration.