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DNA甲基化和去甲基化的研究现状及思考

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  • 北京大学肿瘤医院/研究所, 北京 100142
邓大君,教授,研究方向:肿瘤病因学和DNA甲基化研究。E-mail:dengdajun@bjmu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2014-01-07

  修回日期: 2014-01-27

  网络出版日期: 2014-04-25

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(编号:30921140311,31261140372)资助

DNA methylation and demethylation: current status and future per-spective

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  • Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China

Received date: 2014-01-07

  Revised date: 2014-01-27

  Online published: 2014-04-25

摘要

DNA甲基化通过调节基因转录、印记、X染色体灭活和防御外源性遗传物质入侵等, 在细胞分化、胚胎发育、环境适应和疾病发生发展上发挥重要作用, 是当前表观遗传学研究的热点领域之一。文章介绍了在过去几年中TET介导的DNA羟甲基化及其在早期胚胎发育中的作用, DNA主动去甲基化及其与被动去甲基化的关系, DNA甲基化建立及其与组蛋白修饰、染色质构象、多梳蛋白和非编码RNA结合等关系方面的重要研究进展和存在的问题以及DNA甲基化的转化应用前景。

本文引用格式

邓大君 . DNA甲基化和去甲基化的研究现状及思考[J]. 遗传, 2014 , 36(5) : 403 -410 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2014.0403

Abstract

DNA methylation plays important roles in cell differentiation, embryonic development, host adaptations to environmental factors, and pathogenesis through regulation of gene transcription and imprinting, X-inactivation, and defense of foreign genetic material invasion, is currently one of the hottest research fields on epigenetics. In the past few years, a number of important findings on DNA methylation have been achieved. These findings include discovery of TETs-catalyzed cytosine hydroxymethylation and its functions in the early embryonic development; the relationship between active and passive DNA demethylation; establishment and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns and their associations with histone modifications, chromatin configuration, polycomb group proteins and non-coding RNA bindings. DNA methylation has become a new potential biomarker and therapy target.

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