褪黑激素(Melatonin, MT)和miRNAs在毛囊的生长发育过程中发挥重要的作用, 但MT对绒山羊皮肤毛囊miRNAs表达模式的影响尚未见报道。为探索MT从miRNAs层次影响山羊绒生长的机制, 文章在内蒙古绒山羊中实施了褪黑激素埋植试验：5只青年母羊作为实验组埋植褪黑激素, 另外5只青年母羊作为对照。利用荧光定量PCR检测褪黑激素埋植前后毛囊周期相关miRNAs的表达变化。结果表明, 埋植MT明显改变了6个绒毛相关miRNAs的表达规律：在一个绒毛周期内, 除let-7a外, miR-203、miR-205、miR-96、miR-183和miR-199a的表达量均发生3次跃迁;埋植MT改变了miRNAs之间的共表达模式。对照组各miRNA之间相关系数范围为0.87~0.99(P<0.01)。与对照组相比, 埋植组中let-7a与miR-96、miR-199a、miR-205, miR-203与miR-96、miR-199a, miR-96与miR-183, miR-183与miR-199a之间的相关系数被明显消弱;MT通过下调6月份埋植组各miRNA的表达量提早诱发二次生绒。
Melatonin and microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulating hair follicle development. However, the effect of melatonin on the expression pattern of miRNAs in skin and follicle of cashmere goats remain largely undefined. To explore the mechanism of melatonin affecting cashmere growth mediated by miRNAs, the effect of melatonin implants administered in Nei Mongol cashmere goats was assessed. In the experiment, five yearling does were implanted with melatonin, with the remaining other five females as control group. The expression of six candidate miRNAs was quantified by reverse transcription-real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results indicated that melatonin significantly altered the expression pattern of miRNAs. Except for let-7a, the expression levels of miR-203, miR-205, miR-96, miR-183 and miR-199a occur three transitions during a cashmere cycle; melatonin changed the co-expression pattern of miRNAs. The correlation coefficient between miRNAs is 0.87-0.99 in control group(P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the correlation coefficient between some miRNAs (let-7a and miR-96, miR-199a, miR-205;miR-203 and miR-96, miR-199a; miR-96 and miR-183; miR-183 and miR-199a) was significantly weakened in melatonin group. Melatonin might induce second growth of cashmere mediated by down-regulating the expression level of some miRNAs in June in melatonin implanted group.
[1] 刘丹丹, 赫晓燕, 郝欢庆. MicroRNAs在动物皮肤和毛发发育中的调控作用. 中国生物化学与分子生物学报, 2010, 26(9): 802–808.
[2] Fischer TW, Slominski A, Tobin DJ, Paus R. Melatonin and the hair follicle. J Pineal Res, 2008, 44(1): 1–15.
[3] Fischer TW, Sweatman TW, Semak I, Sayre RM, Wortsman J, Slominski A. Constitutive and UV-induced metabolism of melatonin in keratinocytes and cell-free systems. FASEB J, 2006, 20(9): 1564–1566.
[4] Slominski A, Pisarchik A, Zbytek B, Tobin DJ, Kauser S, Wortsman J. Functional activity of serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems expressed in the skin. J Cell Physiol, 2003, 196(1): 144–153.
[5] 孔庆松, 刘志平, 景松岩, 张伟, 叶春艳 . 褪黑激素促进水貂冬皮早熟的研究. 野生动物, 1995, (4): 22–26.
[6] 王孝胜, 张志明, 毕全秀, 李春晖, 贾宏珍, 张峰. 埋植褪黑激素促进水貂生长、换毛、毛皮早熟的试验报告. 毛皮动物饲养, 1995, (2): 3–5.
[7] 柳建昌, 尹协镇, 方天祺. 褪黑素对中国绒山羊在非生绒期促绒生长与绒产量的影响. 动物学杂志, 1998, 33(3): 8–12.
[8] Nixon AJ, Choy VJ, Parry AL, Pearson AJ. Fiber growth initiation in hair follicles of goats treated with melatonin. J Exp Zool, 1993, 267(1): 47–56.
[9] Fischer TW, Burmeister G, Schmidt HW, Elsner P. Melatonin increases anagen hair rate in women with androgenetic alopecia or diffuse alopecia: results of a pilot ran-domized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol, 2004, 150(2): 341–345.
[10] Kloren WRL, Norton BW, Waters MJ. Fleece Growth in Australian Cashmere Goats. III. The seasonal patterns of cashmere and hair growth, and association with growth hormone, prolactin and thyroxine in blood. Aust J Agric Res, 1993, 44(5): 1035 -1050.
[11] 常子丽. 持续埋植褪黑素对绒山羊绒毛生长特性和相关基因影响的研究[学位论文]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2010.
[12] Kobayashi H, Kromminga A, Dunlop TW, Tychsen B, Conrad F, Suzuki N, Memezawa A, Bettermann A, Aiba S, Carlberg C, Paus R. A role of melatonin in neuroectoder-mal-mesodermal interactions: the hair follicle synthesizes melatonin and expresses functional melatonin receptors. Faseb J, 2005, 19(12): 1710–1712.
[13] Yi R, O’Carroll D, Pasolli HA, Zhang ZH, Dietrich FS, Tarakhovsky A, Fuchs E. Morphogenesis in skin is gov-erned by discrete sets of differentially expressed mi-croRNAs. Nat Genet, 2006, 38(3): 356–362.
[14] Yuan C, Wang XL, Geng RQ, He XL, Qu L, Chen YL. Discovery of cashmere goat (Capra hircus) microRNAs in skin and hair follicles by Solexa sequencing. BMC Ge-nomics, 2013, 14: 511.
[15] 李长青. 绒山羊毛囊周期性变化与兴盛期毛囊KAP13–1基因的表达[学位论文]. 内蒙古农业大学, 2005.
[16] Reinhart BJ, Slack FJ, Basson M, Pasquinelli AE, Bettinger JC, Rougvie AE, Horvitz HR, Ruvkun G. The 21-nucleo?tide let-7 RNA regulates developmental timing in Caeno-rhabditis elegans. Nature, 2000, 403(6772): 901–906.
[17] Wulczyn FG, Smirnova L, Rybak A, Brandt C, Kwidzinski E, Ninnemann O, Strehle M, Schumacher S, Nitsch R. Post-transcriptional regulation of the let-7 microRNA during neural cell specification. FASEB J, 2007, 21(2): 415–426.
[18] Sonkoly E, Wei TL, Janson PCJ, S??f A, Lundeberg L, Tengvall-Linder M, Norstedt G, Alenius H, Homey B, Scheynius A, St?hle M, Pivarcsi A. MicroRNAs: novel regulators involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. PLoS ONE, 2007, 2(7): e610.
[19] Tsukigi M, Bilim V, Yuuki K, Ugolkov A, Naito S, Nagaoka A, Kato T, Motoyama T, Tomita Y. Re-expression of miR-199a suppresses renal cancer cell proliferation and survival by targeting GSK-3β. Cancer Lett, 2012, 315(2): 189–197.
