文章以转Cry1Ac基因棉(中棉所41)和常规棉(中棉所49)为对照,研究了转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉(639020)在棉花生长的关键时期——蕾期(二代棉铃虫发生期)、花期(三代棉铃虫发生期)和花铃期(四代棉铃虫发生期)对棉铃虫的控制作用,同时研究了639020棉田主要捕食性天敌(中华草蛉幼虫、龟纹瓢虫、小花蝽和草间小黑蛛)对烟粉虱的捕食功能,明确了639020棉花在生长的关键时期对棉铃虫的控制效果及对棉田主要捕食性天敌捕食功能反应的影响。结果表明,639020棉花对二代和三代棉铃虫具有良好的控制作用,抗虫性分别比中棉所41提高了52.85%和16.22%,其中前者差异达显著水平,后者差异不显著。在棉花蕾期、花期和花铃期,639020棉田棉铃虫落卵量都比中棉所41棉田和中棉所49棉田低(除二代棉铃虫发生期);棉铃虫幼虫数量都极显著低于常规棉,且都低于防治指标,但与中棉所41棉田无显著差异。639020棉田中华草蛉、龟纹瓢虫、小花蝽和草间小黑蛛对烟粉虱的捕食功能与中棉所41棉田和常规棉田相比无显著变化。研究结果以期为新型转基因棉花环境安全性研究及其外源基因的抗虫遗传效应和生产应用前景进行安全性评价。
In this study, we detected and clarified the roles of transgenic Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab cotton “639020” in controlling cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) during critical periods of bud stage (second generation of bollworm), flowering stage (third generation of bollworm) and bolling stage (fourth generation of bollworm) as well as the influences of 639020 cotton on functional response of the main predators (Chrysopa sinica larvae, Propylaea japonica, Orius and Erigonidium graminicola ) on whitefly using transgenic Cry1Ac cotton “CCRI41” and conventional cotton “CCRI49” as the control. Our results showed that the 639020 cotton well controlled the second and third generation of bollworm, and the level of insect resistance increased by 52.85% and 16.22% separately compared with that of CCRI41, with a significant effect on the second generation of bollworm. Moreover, the number of bollworm eggs in 639020 cotton field was lower than that in CCRI41 and CCRI49 cotton fields (except the second generation of bollworm) during the cotton bud, flowering and bolling stages. Although the number of bollworm larvae in 639020 cotton field was significantly lower than that in CCRI49 field, and both under the controlling index, it has no significant difference compared with that in CCRI41 cotton field. There were also no obvious changes in predator functions of Chrysopa sinica, Propylaea japonica, Orius and Erigonidium graminicola on bemisia tabaci between 639020, CCRI41 and CCRI49 cotton filed. This study evaluated the safety of new transgenic cotton on environment, anti-insect activity of exogenous gene and the safety of production and application prospect.
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