4-香豆酸：辅酶A连接酶(4CL)基因是植物调控木质素代谢、参与类黄酮和其他次生代谢产物合成的关键基因之一,而木质素的合成及聚合在细胞壁沉积导致部分薄壁细胞次生壁加厚形成石细胞。为更好了解砀山酥梨中4CL基因的种类和数量,本文利用砀山酥梨基因组的氨基酸和cDNA数据库对4CL基因家族进行筛选,分析了砀山酥梨基因组中4CL基因的种类、进化关系、物理定位、以及基因结构和保守基序。结果显示在砀山酥梨基因组中发现并初步确定了29个4CL基因,通过基因的定位分析发现除了4、8、11、12号染色体上没有4CL基因之外,其他染色体上都存在4CL基因;并且在9、17号染色体上还存在着基因簇。通过基因结构和进化树之间的比较,进一步确定了基因结构和进化之间的相互联系。研究结果为砀山酥梨4CL基因功能的深入分析奠定了基础。
4-coumaric acid: coenzyme A ligase (4CL) gene is one of the key genes involved in the regulation of lignin metabolism and the synthesis of flavonoid and other secondary metabolites in plant, while the synthesized and polymerized lignin is deposited in cell walls and leads to thickening of secondary walls in some parenchyma cells and formation of stone cells. To better understand the variety and quantity of 4CL genes in Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd., we used the amino acid and cDNA databases of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. genome to screen 4CL gene family, and analyzed their classification, evolutionary relationships, physical location, gene structure and conserved motif. Our results showed that 29 4CL genes were identified and preliminarily characterized, and these 4CL genes were distributed in all chromosomes except chromosomes 4, 8, 11, 12 and clustered on chromosomes 9 and 17 through gene location analysis. The relationship between 4CL gene structure and evolution was further determined by comparing gene structure and phylogenetic tree. These findings provide a basis for further analysis of 4CL gene function in Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.
[1] 陶书田, 张绍铃, 乔勇进, 盛宝龙. 梨果实发育过程中石细胞团及几种相关酶活性变化的研究. 果树学报, 2004, 21(6): 516-520.
[2] 刘小阳, 李玲, 高贵珍, 蔡永萍, 宗梅. 光照对砀山酥梨果实发育过程中POD、PAL、PPO酶活性的影响研究. 激光生物学报, 2008, 17(3): 295-298.
[3] 李玲, 蔡永萍, 刘小阳. 梨果实的石细胞. 植物生理学通讯, 2004, 40(5): 629-632.
[4] Humphreys JM, Chapple C. Rewriting the lignin roadmap. Curr Opin Plant Biol , 2002, 5(3): 224-229.
[5] Boerjan W, Ralph J, Baucher M. Lignin biosynthesis. Annu Rev Plant Biol , 2003, 54(1): 519-546.
[6] Lee D, Meyer K, Chapple C, Douglas CJ. Antisense suppression of 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase activity in Arabidopsis leads to altered lignin subunit composition. Plant Cell , 1997, 9(11): 1985-1998.
[7] Furukawa T, Sakaguchi N, Shimada H. Two OsGASR genes, rice GAST homologue genes that are abundant in proliferating tissues, show different expression patterns in developing panicles. Genes Genet Syst , 2006, 81(3): 171-180.
[8] Kotilainen M, Helariutta Y, Mehto M, Pöllänen E, Albert VA, Elomaa P, Teeri TH. GEG participates in the regulation of cell and organ shape during corolla and carpel development in Gerbera hybrida . Plant Cell , 1999, 11(6): 1093-1104.
[9] de la Fuente JI, Amaya I, Castillejo C, Sánchez-Sevilla JF, Quesada MA, Botella MA, Valpuesta V. The strawberry gene FaGAST affects plant growth through inhibition of cell elongation. J Exp Bot , 2006, 57(10): 2401-2411.
[10] Herzog M, Dorne AM, Grellet F. GASA , a gibberellin-regulated gene family from Arabidopsis thaliana related to the tomato GAST1 gene. Plant Mol Biol , 1995, 27(4): 743-752.
[11] Aubert D, Chevillard M, Dorne AM, Arlaud G, Herzog M. Expression patterns of GASA genes in Arabidopsis thaliana : the GASA4 gene is up-regulated by gibberellins in meristematic regions. Plant Mol Biol , 1998, 36(6): 871-883.
[12] de Azevedo Souza C, Barbazuk B, Ralph SG, Bohlmann J, Hamberger B, Douglas CJ. Genome-wide analysis of a land plant-specific acyl: coenzymeA synthetase ( ACS ) gene family in Arabidopsis , poplar, rice and Physcomitrella . New Phytol , 2008, 179(4): 987-1003.
[13] 吴翔宇, 许志茹, 曲春浦, 李蔚, 孙琦, 刘关君. 毛果杨NLP基因家族生物信息学分析与鉴定. 植物研究, 2014, 34(1): 37-43.
[14] Letunic I, Doerks T, Bork P. SMART 6: recent updates and new developments. Nucleic Acids Res , 2009, 37(Suppl 1): D229-D232.
[15] Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res , 1994, 22(22): 4673-4680.
[16] Bailey TL, Elkan C. The value of prior knowledge in discovering motifs with MEME. Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol , 1995, 3: 21-29.
[17] Guo AY, Zhu QH, Chen X, Luo JC. GSDS: a gene structure display server. Hereditas , 2007, 29(8): 1023-1026.
[18] Shi SY, Ding DF. A evolutionary approach to identification of orthologous relationship across proteomes. Acta Biochim et Biophys Sin , 2002, 34(1): 88-94.
[19] Sankoff D. Gene and genome duplication. Curr Opin Genet Dev , 2001, 11(6): 681-684.
[20] Holub EB. The arms race is ancient history in Arabidopsis , the wildflower. Nat Rev Genet , 2001, 2(7): 516-527.
[21] Duthie GG, Crozier A. Plant-derived phenolic antioxidants. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , 2000, 11(1): 43-47.
[22] Lozoya E, Hoffmann H, Douglas C, Schulz W, Scheel D, Hahlbrock K. Primary structures and catalytic properties of isoenzymes encoded by the two 4-coumarate: CoA ligase genes in parsley. Eur J Biochem , 1988, 176(3): 661-667.
[23] Wang ZY, Wu ZL, Xing YY, Zheng FG, Guo XL, Zhang WG, Hong MM. Nucleotide sequence of rice waxy gene. Nucleic Acids Res , 1990, 18(19): 5898.
[24] Endler A, Martens S, Wellmann F, Matern U. Unusually divergent 4-coumarate: CoA-ligases from Ruta graveolens L. Plant Mol Biol , 2008, 67(4): 335-346.
[25] Wei XX, Wang XQ. Evolution of 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase ( 4CL ) gene and divergence of Larix (Pinaceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol ,
