自噬是真核生物细胞内一种进化保守的分解代谢过程,能帮助有机体抵抗各种环境胁迫。通常情况下,自噬的发生过程主要涉及自噬相关同源蛋白的参与,同时需要一系列胞质中蛋白和代谢小分子调控其发生水平。除此之外,某些受体蛋白还可以帮助自噬相关蛋白识别特定的降解底物包括某些受损的细胞器和蛋白质,以此来介导选择性自噬的发生。本文以模式植物拟南芥为代表,综述了近年来植物自噬的调控因子活性氧(Reactive oxygen species, ROS)、TOR(Target of rapamycin)和受体蛋白NBR1(Neighbor of BRCA1 gene protein)、RPN10(Regulatory particle non-ATPase 10)等的研究进展以及它们的相关作用机制。
Autophagy is an evolutionarily highly conserved catabolic pathway among eukaryotic cells that protects the organisms against environmental stress. Normally, autophagy is mainly involved with autophagy-related proteins(ATGs) and autophagic regulators including a series of cytoplasmic proteins and small molecules. Besides, the selective autophagy, which targets damaged organalles or protein aggregates, is mediated by the additional receptors to help the ATGs recognize different substrates. In this review, we summarize recent advances in autophagic regulators like ROS(Reactive oxygen species), TOR(Target of rapamycin) and receptors like NBR1(Neighbor of BRCA1 gene protein), RPN10(Regulatory particle non-ATPase 10) as well as their functional mechanisms mainly in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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