长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs, lncRNAs)是长度超过200nt的非编码RNA分子的总称。作为一类重要的基因调控因子,lncRNAs在表观遗传学、转录及转录后等多个水平调控靶基因的表达。近年来的研究表明,许多lncRNAs可被病毒或干扰素(interferon, IFN)诱导表达,并作为调控因子在IFN介导的抗病毒天然免疫应答中调节抗病毒相关基因的表达。本文重点阐述了lncRNAs在IFN介导的抗病毒天然免疫应答中的调控作用,尤其是对干扰素刺激基因(interferon-stimulated genes, ISGs)转录的调控作用,并归纳了lncRNAs、IFN和ISGs形成的调控网络,以期为从事lncRNAs调控IFN介导的抗病毒天然免疫应答机制研究的相关科研人员提供参考。

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are designated as the transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding capacity. As a category of important gene regulatory factors, lncRNAs regulate the expression of target genes at epigenetic, transcription and post-transcriptional levels by various mechanisms, such as chromatin remodeling, DNA modification, transcription inhibition and RNA-RNA interactions, etc. In recent years, studies have shown that many lncRNAs can be induced by viruses or interferon (IFN) and to regulate the expression of related antiviral genes in IFN-mediated antiviral innate immune responses. In this review, we focus on the regulation of lncRNAs in IFN-mediated antiviral innate immune responses, especially in the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). In addition, we summarize the regulatory network of lncRNAs, IFN and ISGs. This review will provide a valuable reference for the researchers working in this field.