染色体结构变异,会扰乱机体的固有平衡系统,影响生殖和发育。在本科遗传学教学中,如何进一步诠释导致机体平衡系统紊乱的机理,是教师常面临的教学难题。一些嵌合基因(chimeric gene)是染色体结构变异的产物,具有特异的生物功能,可能是致使固有平衡系统紊乱的原因之一,但很少见到在课堂或教科书中讲述与嵌合基因相关的内容。本文结合近年本团队对嵌合基因的研究成果及遗传学教学实践,以一个司法案例创设情境,引入嵌合基因实例,以激发学生的学习兴趣;进而通过对嵌合基因通性的梳理,辅助学生总结知识点,发展思维融汇力,从而拓展染色体畸变的教学,以期使学生对基因的变异及其功能有更深入的理解,提高遗传学教学效果。

Chromosome structural variations disturb the inherent balance system, affecting biological reproduction and development. It has been a long standing question that teachers often face in undergraduate genetics teaching as to how to further interpret the underlying mechanisms that cause the disorder of the balance system. Some chimeric genes are the products of chromosome structure variation and have specific biological functions. They may cause the disorder of the inherent balance system. However, chimeric genes are rarely described in the classroom or textbook. We designed a teaching plan based on our researching experience of chimeric genes and teaching practice in genetics in recent years. First, we used a lawsuit to introduce chimeric genes for simulating students' learning interest, and then summarized the prevalence of chimeric genes for developing students' thinking. Finally, we hope to make students deeply understand genetic variation and improve genetics teaching.