群体遗传学下动物驯化研究进展
Progress on animal domestication under population genetics
Received date: 2020-08-26
Online published: 2021-02-01
Supported by
National Special Foundation for Transgenic Species of China(2018ZX08007001)
动物驯化是将野生动物改变为能够长期稳定饲养的家养动物的过程。作为新石器时代农业革命的内容,驯化是人类社会文明进步的重要标志之一。由于和人类的密切关系,驯化不仅改变了动物的野生状态,也改变了人类的生活习性和文明进程。动物驯化研究的关键问题包含驯化祖先是谁、驯化所产生的改变及驯化时间地点等。随着高通量基因组技术和对应分析方法的发展,目前研究动物驯化一般基于群体水平,在群体遗传学的框架下研究动物驯化过程中的重要事件。本文总结了群体遗传学下动物驯化研究的相关内容,包括群体动态历史、选择信号、基因交流等,着重介绍了基因选择初始时间和基因交流时间两个新的拓展内容及分析方法,概述了家猪(Sus scrofa f. domestica)、家鸡(Gallus gallus domesticus)、绵羊(Ovis aries)和山羊(Caprine hircus)等几种主要农业动物近期驯化研究的进展,以期为动物驯化研究提供了新的方向和视角。
文子龙, 赵毅强 . 群体遗传学下动物驯化研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2021 , 43(3) : 226 -239 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.20-268
Animal domestication is the process of changing wild animals into domesticated animals that can be kept stably for a long period of time. As the content of the Neolithic agricultural revolution, domestication is one of the important milestones of the progress of human civilization. Due to the close relationship between humans and animals, domestication has not only changed the wild state of animals, but also changed the habits and historical processes of human beings. The key question on animal domestication research include who is the ancestors of the domesticated animals were, the changes produced by domestication, and the time and place of domestication. Due to the advances in high-throughput genomic technologies and correspondence analysis methods, animal domestication is generally studied at the population level. Here we discuss the research content of animal domestication under population genetics, including population history, selection signals, as well as gene introgression, and we highlight two new expand contents, namely, dating the initial time of gene selection and the time of gene introgression. Finally, we summarize the recent research progress of major domesticated including pig, chicken, sheep and goat. These advances provide a new insights and perspective for the research on the animal domestication.
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