2型糖尿病进程中胰岛β细胞功能变化的分子机制
收稿日期: 2022-08-04
修回日期: 2022-09-02
网络出版日期: 2022-09-30
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(91857110);国家自然科学基金项目(81722012);国家自然科学基金项目(81670740);科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0800403);科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC20701903);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LZ21H070001);杭州市医学重点学科建设基金项目(OO20200055)
Molecular mechanism of islet β-cell functional alternations during type 2 diabetes
Received date: 2022-08-04
Revised date: 2022-09-02
Online published: 2022-09-30
Supported by
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91857110);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81722012);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81670740);the National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2018YFA0800403);the National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2021YFC20701903);the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ21H070001);the Construction Fund of Medical Key Disciplines of Hangzhou(OO20200055)
近年来,2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes,T2D)发病率迅速上升,已成为全球性的健康危机。最近的临床和基础研究表明,胰岛β细胞功能障碍是导致T2D及其相关并发症的重要原因。在2型糖尿病的自然病程中,胰岛β细胞经历从代偿到失代偿的动态变化;其中,代谢应激反应,如内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ER stress)、氧化应激(oxidative stress)和炎症(inflammation)是β细胞功能变化的关键调控机制。本文总结了β细胞功能在2型糖尿病病程中动态变化的研究进展,以期深化对2型糖尿病分子机制的理解,为精准诊断和临床干预2型糖尿病提供参考。
吕承安, 王若然, 孟卓贤 . 2型糖尿病进程中胰岛β细胞功能变化的分子机制[J]. 遗传, 2022 , 44(10) : 840 -852 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.22-265
In recent years, the incidence rate of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has risen rapidly and has become a global health crisis. Recent experimental and clinical studies have shown that islet β-cell dysfunction is an important cause of T2D and its related complications. β-cells undergo dynamic compensation and decompensation in the course of T2D. In this process, metabolic stress responses, such as ER stress, oxidative stress and inflammation, are key regulators of β-cell functional alternations. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the β-cell functional dynamics in the course of T2D, in order to deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanism of T2D, and provide reference for its precise diagnosis and clinical intervention.
Key words： β-cell; type 2 diabetes; molecular mechanism
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