两起发热伴血小板减少综合征聚集性疫情流行病学及病原学分析
收稿日期: 2023-06-29
修回日期: 2023-09-15
网络出版日期: 2023-09-29
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(82172270)
Epidemiololgical and etiological analysis of two clusters of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Received date: 2023-06-29
Revised date: 2023-09-15
Online published: 2023-09-29
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172270)
发热伴血小板减少综合征(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, SFTS)是一种新发传染病，主要通过蜱虫叮咬传播，其病原体为发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, SFTSV)。人际传播引发的SFTS聚集性疫情在国内外均有报道，人们重点关注了人际传播的感染途径，然而SFTS聚集性疫情和病毒基因型之间的相关性研究却未见报道。本文主要报道了2022~2023年河南省信阳市发生的两起SFTS聚集性疫情，探讨了SFTSV出现人际传播感染的可能途径，并对SFTS聚集性疫情与病毒基因型进行了关联分析。通过4例确诊患者的病毒序列分析，发现两起聚集性疫情中的2组SFTSV分别聚集在隶属于不同基因型的两个分支。将本研究病毒序列与GenBank中获得的SFTS聚集性疫情报道过的病毒序列进行系统发育分析，进一步发现人际传播病例报道的SFTSV涉及3种基因型，提示SFTS聚集性疫情的发生可能和病毒基因型无明显关联。本研究表明血液接触感染可能是SFTS聚集性疫情发生的主要传播途径，为揭示SFTS聚集性疫情的人际传播链提供了遗传学证据，为SFTS的人际传播防控提供了科学数据支撑。
关键词： 发热伴血小板减少综合征; 蜱传疾病; 人际传播
杨鑫, 武永祥, 冷昱, 李佳宸, 王超杰, 袁义美, 王震, 张兰, 黎浩, 刘玮 . 两起发热伴血小板减少综合征聚集性疫情流行病学及病原学分析[J]. 遗传, 2023 , 45(11) : 1062 -1073 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.23-176
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease, caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), which is primarily transmitted via tick bites. Clusters of SFTS caused by human-to-human transmission have been reported both at home and abroad, mainly focused on the transmission or exposure modes. However, the correlation between SFTS clusters and viral genotypes has not been investigated. This study mainly reported two clusters of SFTS in Xinyang City, Henan Province, from 2022 to 2023, discussed the possible route of person-to-person transmission of SFTSV infection and analyzed the association between SFTS clusters and virus genotypes. We found that two groups of SFTSV in two clusters were clustered separately into different genotypes through viral sequence analysis of 4 confirmed patients. We also performed phylogenetic analysis, after including SFTSV sequences obtained from SFTS clusters deposited in the GenBank. Three SFTSV genotypes have been reported among cases of human-to-human transmission, suggesting that the occurrence of SFTS clusters may not be related to SFTSV genotypes. This study provided genetic evidence for revealing the chain of human-to-human transmission of SFTS clusters, indicating that contact with patients’ blood is an important transmission route of SFTSV. The findings laid the foundation for preventing and controlling human-to-human transmission of SFTS.
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