基于35 Y-STR研究甘肃裕固族的父系多重起源
收稿日期: 2024-07-26
修回日期: 2024-09-16
网络出版日期: 2024-09-23
基金资助
内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(2022JBBJ004);内蒙古师范大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(CXJJB23005);国家自然科学基金(31760309);教育部人文社科规划基金(18YJAZH116);甘肃省引导科技创新专项(2018ZX03);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2018-RC-113);甘肃省高校产业支撑计划项目(2023CYZC-59)
Multiple ancestral components and complex origins of the Yugur people in Gansu province revealing by 35 Y-STR
Received date: 2024-07-26
Revised date: 2024-09-16
Online published: 2024-09-23
Supported by
Fundamental Scientific Research Funds for Directly Affiliated Universities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2022JBBJ004);Inner Mongolia Normal University Graduate Research Innovation Fund(CXJJB23005);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760309);Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Project(18YJAZH116);Gansu Province Guides the Special Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation(2018ZX03);Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(2018-RC-113);Gansu Provincial University Industry Support Program(2023CYZC-59)
裕固族是甘肃省特有少数民族，具有人口少、多语并用和复杂族源等特征，是河西走廊人群的典型代表。关于裕固族的起源、迁徙及形成过程，学界尚存在许多有争议的内容。本研究将从分子人类学的视角，以裕固族的父系遗传特征为依据，结合民族学、历史学和语言学等学科相关内容，进一步研究裕固族的形成过程。本研究使用含35个Y-STR的高分辨率试剂盒对237例甘肃裕固族男性样本进行了检测，并使用Y-STR分析推定了Y-SNP单倍群。本文整合已发布文献中多个群体的父系遗传数据，组成16 Y-STR数据集、25 Y-STR数据集和单倍群频率数据集，使用Network网络图、主成分分析、多维尺度分析、系统发育树和遗传距离等分析方法系统地分析了裕固族人群的父系遗传特征及其与周边人群的遗传关系。结果显示，裕固族的父系遗传组成表现出东西欧亚人群混合的特征，西欧亚谱系占13%；其与地理位置相近的汉族、藏族和蒙古族等人群表现出更近的遗传关系，而与维吾尔族等突厥语人群间的遗传距离较大；裕固族的遗传结构是演化过程中多族系融合的结果，与突厥语人群共享的Q1b1a3-L330和R1a1a-M17、与蒙古语人群共享的C2a1a1-F1756、C2a1a3-M504、C2a1a3a-F3796、C2a1a2-M48和C2b1a1a1a-M407、与藏族人群共享的D1a1a-M15和D1a1b1-P47，以及与汉族人群共享的多个支系是裕固族主要的父系类型。本文以更清晰的图景支持历史学、民族学和语言学所记述的裕固族形成过程及群体特征，为未来更细化的群体遗传学和法医遗传学研究打下基础。
张咸鹏, 于会新, 张劼, 贾欣怡, 何宵飞, 朱波峰, 韦兰海, 姚宏兵 . 基于35 Y-STR研究甘肃裕固族的父系多重起源[J]. 遗传, 2024 , 46(12) : 1042 -1054 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-136
The Yugur people represent one of the ethnic groups residing within the Hexi Corridor, distinguishable by their small population size, linguistic diversity, intricate ancestral components, serving as a quintessential exemplar of the populations inhabiting this corridor. There are still many controversial issues in the academic community regarding the origin, migration, and formation process of the Yugur. In this study, we explored the formation process of the Yugur from the perspective of molecular anthropology, based on the paternal genetic characteristics of the Yugur people. And the study will synthesize multiple disciplines, encompassing ethnology, history and linguistics, in order to offer a thorough analysis. Within this research endeavor, a high-resolution kit comprising 35 Y-STRs was employed to examine 237 male specimens from the Yugur people in Gansu province. Y-SNP haplogroups were deduced through the utilization of Y-STR data. The paternal genetic data from diverse populations documented in published literature were merged to construct a 16 Y-STR dataset, a 25 Y-STR dataset, and a dataset detailing haplogroup frequencies. In this study, we employed haplotype network analysis, principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling analysis, phylogenetic tree construction, and genetic distance calculations to delve into the genetic structure, haplotype distribution, and genetic relationship with neighboring populations of the Yugur people. The findings of this study reveal that the Yugur people are a blend of ancestral lineages from both Eastern and Western Eurasian origins, with approximately 13% of their genetic component traced back to Western Eurasian populations. The Yugur people in Gansu province exhibits a more intimate genetic relationship with the Han, Tibetan, and Mongolian populations inhabiting nearby regions, while showing distinct genetic differences with Turkic-speaking groups like the Uyghur. Based on the merged data, we identified Q1b1a3-L330 and R1a1a-M17 shared with Turkic-speaking people, C2a1a1-F1756, C2a1a3-M504, C2a1a3a-F3796, C2a1a2-M48 and C2b1a1a1a-M407 shared with Mongolic-speaking people, D1a1a-M15 and D1a1b1-P47 shared with Tibetans, and multiple paternal lineages shared with Han people, which are the main paternal lineages of Yugur people, indicating multiple ancestral components and complex origins of Yugur. In this study, we provided a clearer genetic landscape which further supports the formation process and population characteristics of the Yugur people recorded in history, ethnology, and linguistics, and lays the foundation for more detailed studies on population genetics and forensic genetics in the future.
Key words： Y-STR; Yugur; paternal genetic structure; multiple paternal origins
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