基于全基因组测序的大熊猫源厌氧大肠杆菌抗性与毒力基因分析
收稿日期: 2025-05-13
修回日期: 2025-07-25
网络出版日期: 2025-08-11
基金资助
大熊猫国际合作资金项目“大熊猫微生物组研究及资源库建立”资助
Analysis of resistance and virulence genes in anaerobic Escherichia coli from giant pandas based on whole genome sequencing
Received date: 2025-05-13
Revised date: 2025-07-25
Online published: 2025-08-11
Supported by
International Cooperation Funding Project for Giant Pandas (“The Giant Panda Microbiome Research and Biobank Establishment”)
大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)是一种兼性厌氧菌，在大熊猫肠道中的检出率较高。本研究从13只大熊猫新鲜粪便中厌氧分离得到169株厌氧菌，其中13株大肠杆菌。通过全基因组测序及分析发现，大肠杆菌分为9个序列型(sequence type，ST)，共检测到96种抗生素抗性基因、103种重金属抗性基因和213种毒力基因，其中mdtA、mdtB、mdtC和cusA、cusB、cusC、cusF基因在大肠杆菌中普遍存在。对其抗性与毒力基因的遗传环境进一步分析发现，mdtABC的上游存在baeS/baeR可能具有调控其表达产生抗性的能力；cusABCF上游携带铁载体相关的毒力基因fepA和entD、下游携带cusS/cusR；cusABCF上下游携带的可移动遗传元件有助于抗性基因、毒力基因的传播。本研究通过全基因组测序分析了大熊猫源厌氧大肠杆菌中存在的抗生素抗性基因、重金属抗性基因和毒力基因情况，对大熊猫的安全健康保护具有重要意义。
柳承希, 邓雯文, 龙梅, 杨盛智, 韩新锋, 李才武, 赵珂, 邹立扣 . 基于全基因组测序的大熊猫源厌氧大肠杆菌抗性与毒力基因分析[J]. 遗传, 2026 , 48(2) : 213 -226 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.25-137
Escherichia coli is a facultative anaerobic bacterium frequently detected rate in the intestines of giant pandas. In this study, we isolated 169 anaerobic bacterial strains from fresh fecal samples of 13 giant pandas, including 13 strains of E. coli. Through whole-genome sequencing and analysis, we classified 13 E. coli strains into 9 distinct sequence types (STs), and identified 96 antibiotic resistance genes, 103 heavy metal resistance genes and 213 virulence genes. Notably, we observed the widespread presence of the mdtA, mdtB, mdtC and cusA, cusB, cusC, cusF gene in all E. coli isolates. Further genetic environment analysis revealed the presence of baeS/baeR upstream of mdtABC, a two-component system capable of regulating efflux pump expression to mediate resistance. The cusABCF operon was flanked by siderophore-related virulence genes (fepA and entD) upstream and the cusS/cusR regulatory system downstream. We also identified mobile genetic elements adjacent to these operons, which may facilitate the horizontal transfer of resistance and virulence determinants. This genome-based investigation systematically characterized antibiotic/metal resistance and virulence profiles in E. coli strains derived from giant panda, providing critical insights for safeguarding the health and welfare of this endangered species.
Key words： giant panda; Escherichia coli; anaerobic; whole genome sequencing; resistance
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