生物学年龄评估衰老及其临床应用
收稿日期: 2026-01-23
修回日期: 2026-04-09
网络出版日期: 2026-04-20
基金资助
西藏自治区科技计划中央引导地方项目(XZ202501YD0013);国家自然科学基金项目(82401762);中国博士后科学面上基金(2024M762573)
Assessment of biological age for aging evaluation and its clinical applications
Received date: 2026-01-23
Revised date: 2026-04-09
Online published: 2026-04-20
Supported by
Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Project in Tibet Autonomous Region(XZ202501YD0013);National Natural Science Foundation of China(82401762);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M762573)
随着全球人口老龄化加剧，开发能够精准量化个体衰老状态、突破时序年龄评估局限的技术方法，已成为衰老研究与精准医学的重要需求。生物学年龄通过整合多组学数据与器官特异性生物标志物，为评估个体真实生理衰老进程及疾病风险提供了重要工具。本文系统综述了衰老评估方法的发展，重点阐述了基于表观遗传学标志物以及转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学标志物的衰老时钟构建策略及其演变，并探讨了基于影像学数据与多组学数据整合的器官特异性衰老评估新方法。结合这些方法在衰老相关疾病早期筛查与风险分层、个性化干预及健康管理中的临床应用证据，本文还进一步阐明了生物学年龄在精准衰老评估与干预中的重要价值与临床转化前景。
黄丹青, 郭婧, 郭燕, 杨铁林 . 生物学年龄评估衰老及其临床应用[J]. 遗传, 2026 , 48(7) : 690 -700 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.26-015
As the global population ages, the development of methods that can accurately quantify individual aging status and overcome the limitations of chronological age assessment has become an important need in aging research and precision medicine. Biological age serves as an important tool for assessing an individual’s true physiological aging process and disease risk by integrating multi-omics data and organ-specific biomarkers. In this review, we systematically summarize the development of methods for assessing aging, with a focus on the construction strategies and evolution of aging clocks based on epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic markers. We also discuss emerging approaches for organ-specific aging assessment based on imaging data and the integration of multi-omics data. By synthesizing evidence for the clinical applications of these approaches in the early screening and risk stratification of aging-related diseases, personalized interventions, and health management, we further highlight the importance and translational potential of biological age in precision aging assessment and intervention.
Key words： aging; biological age; biomarker; multi-omics; clinical application
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