“组织者”（organizer）是胚胎发育过程中具有诱导能力的信号中心。自发现以来，一直是发育生物学研究体轴建立与命运决定的核心热点。过去百年中，围绕组织者的研究逐步揭示了其在形态发生和组织诱导中的重要作用，并明确了BMP、Wnt、Nodal 以及Huluwa等分子信号是组织者的核心调控因子。随着演化发育生物学的发展，组织者被认为是在不同动物类群中以不同形式存在的发育调控系统，其在不同类群中的调控网络演化和诱导方式差异有待进一步解析。近年来，单细胞组学以及类胚胎模型的兴起，为解析组织者的细胞异质性和调控网络演化提供了新的手段和载体。本文回顾了组织者研究的历史及当前进展，重点介绍了组织者分子调控机制与演化保守性，阐明组织者可作为演化发育模块核心，并讨论组织者在组织工程中的潜在意义，提出组织者作为不断演化和重构的发育模块在胚胎发育和器官重塑中发挥作用的新观点。

The organizer is a signaling center with inductive capacity during embryonic development. Since its discovery, it has been a central topic in developmental biology for studies on axis formation and cell fate determination. Over the past century, extensive studies have elucidated the organizer’s pivotal roles in morphogenesis and tissue induction, and have identified key molecular signals, including BMP, Wnt, Nodal and Huluwa, as core regulators of organizer activity. With the advancement of evolutionary developmental biology, organizers have been recognized as a developmental regulatory system functioning across diverse animal taxa; however, the evolution of its regulatory networks and lineage-specific differences of inductive mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. More recently, the rapid development of single-cell omics technologies, together with the emergence of stem cell–derived embryoid models, have provided new opportunities to dissect the cellular heterogeneity, regulatory networks, and evolutionary origins of organizer function. Here, we summarize the historical progress of organizer research, integrate insights from molecular mechanisms and evolutionary conservation, clarify that the organizer can act as a core evolutionary developmental module, and discuss the implications of organizer studies for artificial embryos and tissue engineering. We propose a perspective in which the organizer is best understood as an evolvable and reconfigurable developmental module rather than a strictly defined embryonic structure.