端粒-端粒酶系统参与涡虫neoblasts稳态与再生研究进展
韩法正和王庆仙并列第一作者。
收稿日期: 2026-06-01
修回日期: 2026-08-01
网络出版日期: 2026-08-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(82374062);西藏自治区科技计划项目重点研发计划(XZ202601ZY0167)
Progress on the telomere-telomerase system in planarian neoblasts homeostasis and regeneration
Received date: 2026-06-01
Revised date: 2026-08-01
Online published: 2026-08-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82374062);Science and Technology Projects of Xizang Autonomous Region, China(XZ202601ZY0167)
涡虫作为扁形动物门(Platyhelminthes)的代表物种，具有极强的再生能力，其体内的成体多能干细胞——neoblasts是其再生的基础。Neoblasts可在机体损伤后快速迁移、增殖、定向分化完成再生。端粒位于真核生物染色体末端，核心功能是维持染色体完整性。随着细胞分裂的次数增多，端粒长度缩短。端粒酶是一种逆转录酶，通过延长端粒重复序列，补偿细胞分裂过程中的端粒损耗。端粒-端粒酶系统是维持干细胞稳态的重要机制之一。涡虫neoblasts作为成体多能干细胞，需维持高频分裂与多向分化的动态平衡，其长期增殖能力与基因组稳定性的维系，可能依赖于端粒-端粒酶系统的精准调控。因此，该系统是解读涡虫非凡再生能力的重要切入点。本文结合近年来涡虫再生、neoblasts调控及端粒-端粒酶系统的相关研究成果，系统综述了端粒-端粒酶参与涡虫neoblasts稳态与再生的研究进展，以期为再生医学、干细胞调控以及神经损伤修复等相关领域的研究提供理论参考。
韩法正 , 王庆仙 , 程肖蕊 . 端粒-端粒酶系统参与涡虫neoblasts稳态与再生研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2026 , 48(9) : 869 -877 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.26-131
Planarians are flatworms with remarkable regenerative abilities, and their adult pluripotent stem cells, known as neoblasts, serve as the foundation for this regeneration. Neoblasts can rapidly migrate, proliferate, and undergo directed differentiation following tissue injury to complete regeneration. Telomeres are located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and play a core role in maintaining chromosomal integrity. With each cell division, telomeres shorten. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that compensates for telomere loss during cell division by extending telomeric repeats. The telomere-telomerase system is one of the important mechanisms for maintaining stem cell homeostasis. As adult pluripotent stem cells of planarians, neoblasts are required to maintain a dynamic balance between high-frequency cell division and multilineage differentiation. The maintenance of their long-term proliferative capacity and genomic stability may depend on the precise regulation of the telomere-telomerase system. Thus, this system represents a critical entry point for understanding the remarkable regenerative ability of planarians. Integrating recent progress in regeneration, neoblast regulation, and the telomere-telomerase system, we systematically summarize the emerging evidence for telomere- telomerase involvement in neoblast homeostasis and regeneration. We aim to provide insights for research in regenerative medicine, stem cell regulation, and neural injury repair.
Key words： planarian; neoblasts; telomere; telomerase; regeneration
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