遗传 ›› 2009, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 1087-1093.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2009.01087

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DNA甲基转移酶的表达调控及主要生物学功能

苏玉;王溪;朱卫国

  

  1. 北京大学基础医学院, 北京 100191

  • 收稿日期:2009-04-18 修回日期:2009-08-03 出版日期:2009-11-10 发布日期:2009-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 朱卫国

DNA methyltransferases: the role in regulation of gene expression and biological processes

SU Yu;WANG Xi;ZHU Wei-Guo   

  1. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2009-04-18 Revised:2009-08-03 Online:2009-11-10 Published:2009-11-10
  • Contact: zhuweiguo@bjmu.edu.cn

摘要:

DNA甲基化是表观遗传学的重要部分, 同组蛋白修饰相互作用, 通过改变染色质结构, 调控基因表达。在哺乳类细胞或人体细胞中, DNA甲基化与细胞的增殖、衰老、癌变等生命现象有着重大关系。对催化DNA甲基化的DNA甲基转移酶(DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt)的研究可以揭示DNA甲基化对基因表达调控的机制, 从而研究与之相关的重要生命活动。文章以DNA甲基转移酶作为切入点, 探讨DNA甲基转移酶在基因表达调控中发挥的作用及其主要生物学功能。

关键词: DNA甲基转移酶, DNA甲基化, 表观遗传学

Abstract:

Both hitone modification and DNA methylation remodulate chromatin structure and control gene expression or silence. As a main enzyme for DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) is not only associated with DNA methylation, but also links to many important biological activities, including cell proliferation, senescence and cancer development. This review focuses on structure, regulation and function in biological processes of Dnmt.