遗传 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 275-288.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.21-440

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

增强子调控癌症发生发展的机制研究

漆思晗1,2(), 王棨临1,2, 张俊有1,2, 刘倩1,2, 李春燕1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1. 北京航空航天大学,医学科学与工程学院,北京 100191
    2. 北京航空航天大学,生物与医学工程学院,北京 100191
    3. 北京航空航天大学,大数据精准医疗高精尖创新中心,北京 100191
    4. 北京航空航天大学,工业和信息化部大数据精准医疗重点实验室,北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-31 修回日期:2022-03-05 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 李春燕 E-mail:ZY2010120@buaa.edu.cn;lichunyan@buaa.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:漆思晗,在读硕士研究生,专业方向:生物医学工程。E-mail: ZY2010120@buaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目编号(82072499);国家自然科学基金项目编号(31801094);北京航空航天大学青年科学家创新团队支持计划资助编号(YWF-21-BJ-J-T105)

The regulatory mechanisms by enhancers during cancer initiation and progression

Sihan Qi1,2(), Qilin Wang1,2, Junyou Zhang1,2, Qian Liu1,2, Chunyan Li1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1. School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
    2. School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
    3. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
    4. Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
  • Received:2021-12-31 Revised:2022-03-05 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-03-15
  • Contact: Li Chunyan E-mail:ZY2010120@buaa.edu.cn;lichunyan@buaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(82072499);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(31801094);Young Scientist Innovation Team Support Program of Beihang University No(YWF-21-BJ-J-T105)

摘要:

增强子是一段具有转录调控功能的DNA序列,主要通过顺式调控方式发挥作用。由于增强子及其调控基因在位置和距离上的不确定性,大大增加了研究增强子作用机制的复杂性和困难性。越来越多的证据表明,增强子与癌症等疾病的发生发展密切相关,因此开展癌症相关增强子的研究,将有助于全面解析癌症发病机制,并推动抗肿瘤药物的高效研发,具有重要的社会意义和经济价值。目前对于增强子的鉴定不充分,增强子在癌症和其他疾病中的发生发展调控机制尚未得到完整的解析。本文主要对增强子和超级增强子及其特性进行介绍,并在全基因组水平上对增强子的预测和鉴定进行了描述,最后总结了近年来增强子在癌症等疾病发生过程中所发挥的调控作用,从而为未来解析增强子调控机制以及癌症的诊断和治疗提供参考。

关键词: 增强子, 超级增强子, 癌症, 调控机制

Abstract:

Enhancer is a DNA sequence, and mainly acts in cis to regulate gene transcription. Due to the uncertainty in both location and distance between enhancers and their target genes, it is more complex and difficult to study the underlying regulatory mechanism of enhancers. Accumulating evidences indicate that enhancers are closely associated with the occurrence and development of diseases, such as cancer. Therefore, the studies of enhancers in cancer will be helpful to deeply unravel cancer pathogenesis and to promote the development of antitumor drugs. The related research is with great social significance and economic value. Currently, the identification of enhancers is insufficient. The regulatory mechanisms by enhancers during the initiation and progression of cancer and other diseases have not been fully delineated. In this review, we provide an overview of enhancers, super enhancers and their properties, followed by a description of enhancer prediction and identification at the genome-wide level. Finally, we summarize the regulatory roles of enhancers during diseases such as cancer in recent years, thereby providing a reference for the future exploration on enhancer regulatory mechanisms as well as cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: enhancers, super enhancers, cancer, regulatory mechanisms