基因重复驱动的演化：基因组学时代的回顾与展望

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.24-215

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Hereditas(Beijing) ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 147-171.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-215

• Review • Next Articles

Evolution by gene duplication: in the era of genomics

Jieyu Shen¹^,²(), Tianhan Su¹^,²(), Daqi Yu³, Shengjun Tan¹(), Yong E. Zhang¹^,²()

1. Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. AstraGenomics, Beijing 100095, China

Received:2024-07-21 Revised:2024-09-01 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2024-10-21
Contact: Shengjun Tan, Yong E. Zhang E-mail:shenjieyu@ioz.ac.cn;sutianhan17@mails.ucas.ac.cn;zhangyong@ioz.ac.cn;tanshengjun@ioz.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32325014);National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0802600);Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SM005)

Abstract

Abstract:

Gene duplication is the process of a gene copied via specific molecular mechanisms to form more duplicate genes. As an important approach to the origination of new genes, gene duplication contributes to around half of the genes in eukaryotic genomes, facilitating the adaptive evolution of species. Over the past fifty years, especially since entering the genomics era in the last two decades, there have been extensive and profound discussions on the mechanisms, evolutionary processes and forces behind the emergence of duplicate genes. Sequence similarity of duplicate genes often leads to functional redundancy, enhancing organismal robustness. Conversely, functional divergence can create novel functions and improve evolvability. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of gene duplication, the fate and the evolutionary models of duplicate genes. This article concludes by outlining how long-read sequencing technologies, gene editing, and various other high-throughput techniques will further advance our understanding of the role of duplicate genes in the genetics-development-evolution network.

Key words: gene duplication, whole genome duplication, retroposition, functional redundancy, neofunctionalization, subfunctionalization

Jieyu Shen, Tianhan Su, Daqi Yu, Shengjun Tan, Yong E. Zhang. Evolution by gene duplication: in the era of genomics[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2025, 47(2): 147-171.

Figures/Tables 6

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模式体系	重复基因对负性上位互作率	随机基因对负性上位互作率	实验方法	参考文献
酵母 (S. cerevisiae)	33%~55%	2%	SGA	[113⇓⇓⇓~117]
秀丽隐杆线虫 (C. elegans)	6%	0.6%	RNAi	[118,119]
人细胞系 (H. sapiens)	5%	2%	CRISPR/Cas	[120⇓⇓⇓~124]

Evolution by gene duplication: in the era of genomics

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