通过人工授精获得鸡(♂10只)与鹌鹑(♀100只)属间杂交种蛋并同机入孵, 采用Wpkci引物和多重PCR鉴定66~120 h的鸡(♂)与鹌鹑(♀)属间杂交种活胚的性别后, 选取不同时间点雌、雄胚胎共300枚, 以b-actin为内标, 通过RT-PCR分别测定雌激素受体(ER)和细胞凋亡因子(bcl-2、p53)的mRNA相对丰度; 探讨ER、bcl-2和p53对杂交种早期胚胎发育及性别分化的影响。结果表明: (1) 杂交种胚胎ER mRNA 表达在66～84 h期间雌性极显著高于雄性(P＜0.01), 由此推测杂交种的性分化时间大致在胚胎发育的66~84 h范围内; (2) bcl-2和p53 的mRNA表达在杂交胚胎发育过程中具有明显的时序性, 说明bcl-2和p53基因对早期杂交胚的发育具有重要的影响。

Using artificial insemination, 100 female quails were crossed with 10 male chickens. The eggs were collected and hatched in the same incubator. The sex of live hybrid embryos from 66 to 120 hatch hours was determined using multiply PCR of Wpkci. Total 300 male and female embryos at various hatch times were sampled and the relative mRNA abundance of ER, bcl-2, and p53 in the embryos was detected by RT-PCR using b -actin as the internal standard. The effects of ER, bcl-2, and p53 on the early embryonic development for hybrids between chicken and quail were analyzed. The results showed ER mRNA expression of female hybrids were higher than male hybrids from 66 to 84 hatch hours with a highly significant difference (P<0.01), which indicated that the sex differentiation of hybrids was perhaps happened between 66 to 84 h of embryo stage. The obvious sequential expression of bcl-2 and p53 in the embryonic development indicated that the bcl-2 and p53 genes had an important effect on the development of the hybrid embryos.