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原发性肝癌的表观遗传学及其治疗

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  • 1. 昆明理工大学医学院, 昆明 650500;
    2. 昆明理工大学附属医院肝胆外科,昆明 650032
孙凌云,硕士研究生,专业方向:分子靶向治疗肝细胞癌的临床及实验。E-mail: sly84@qq.com

收稿日期: 2014-12-15

  修回日期: 2015-03-24

  网络出版日期: 2015-05-14

基金资助

云南省应用基础研究计划项目(编号:2012WS007)资助

Progress of epigenetics and its therapeutic application in hepatocellular carcinoma

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  • 1. Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
    2. Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China

Received date: 2014-12-15

  Revised date: 2015-03-24

  Online published: 2015-05-14

摘要

肝癌是一种严重危害人类健康的恶性疾病,在全世界患癌人群中,肝癌的发生率排第五,死亡率排第二。原发性肝癌(Hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)是最普遍的肝癌组织学亚型,属于异质性疾病,对其治疗涉及遗传学、基因组学、环境毒理学等多个领域。尽管许多分子靶向治疗药物如索拉菲尼等已经进入临床应用并证明有效,但细胞毒性等负效应不容忽视,目前迫切需要新的治疗靶点和药物高效并选择性的杀伤肝癌细胞。大量证据表明,肝脏肿瘤的发生和发展与表观遗传学密切相关,DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、miRNA表达的异常及表观遗传相关基因表达的异常都是HCC中显著的表观遗传异常现象。表观治疗药物可能会逆转异常基因的表达,从而使HCC的发生和发展得以控制。文章综述了HCC表观遗传学治疗方面的研究进展,展望了未来利用类似的疗法治疗肝癌的潜力。

本文引用格式

孙凌云, 李星逾, 孙志为 . 原发性肝癌的表观遗传学及其治疗[J]. 遗传, 2015 , 37(6) : 517 -527 . DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.14-443

Abstract

Liver cancer is a severe harmful disease. It is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and second most frequent cause of cancer deaths worldwide. As the most popular histologic subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), primary HCC is a heterogeneous disease whose management requires a multidisciplinary approach combining genetics, genomics and environmental toxicology. Although many molecular targeted therapies such as sorafenib have entered clinical application and proven effective, the cytotoxicity and other negative effects cannot be ignored. There is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets and drugs, which can kill HCC cells with high efficiency and specificity. Plenty of evidence suggests that occurrence and development of HCC is closely related with epigenetics. DNA methylation, histone modification, aberrant expression of miRNAs and dysregulated expression of many epigenetic regulatory genes are significantly altered in HCC. Epigenetic therapeutic drugs may reverse abnormal gene expression, thus controlling the occurrence and development of HCC. In this review, we summarize the latest research progresses in epigenetics and its therapeutic application in HCC,and the potential treatments to be used in the future.

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