[1] Doudna JA, Charpentier E. Genome editing. The new frontier of genome engineering with CRISPR-Cas9. Science , 2014, 346(6213): 1258096.
[2] Ishino Y, Shinagawa H, Makino K, Amemura M, Nakata A. Nucleotide sequence of the iap gene, responsible for alkaline phosphatase isozyme conversion in Escherichia coli, and identification of the gene product. J Bacteriol , 1987, 169(12): 5429-5433.
[3] Mojica FJ, Díez-Villaseñor C, Soria E, Juez G. Biological significance of a family of regularly spaced repeats in the genomes of Archaea, Bacteria and mitochondria. Mol Microbiol , 2000, 36(1): 244-246.
[4] Bolotin A, Quinquis B, Sorokin A, Ehrlich SD. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPRs) have spacers of extrachromosomal origin. Microbiology , 2005, 151(Pt 8): 2551-2561.
[5] Mojica FJM, Díez-Villaseñor C, García-Martínez J, Soria E. Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements. J Mol Evol , 2005, 60(2): 174-182.
[6] Pourcel C, Salvignol G, Vergnaud G. CRISPR elements in Yersinia pestis acquire new repeats by preferential uptake of bacteriophage DNA, and provide additional tools for evolutionary studies. Microbiology , 2005, 151(Pt 3): 653-663.
[7] Makarova KS, Grishin NV, Shabalina SA, Wolf YI, Koonin EV. A putative RNA-interference-based immune system in prokaryotes: computational analysis of the predicted enzymatic machinery, functional analogies with eukaryotic RNAi, and hypothetical mechanisms of action. Biol Direct , 2006, 1: 7.
[8] Makarova KS, Aravind L, Wolf YI, Koonin EV. Unification of Cas protein families and a simple scenario for the origin and evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems. Biol Direct , 2011, 6: 38.
[9] Makarova KS, Haft DH, Barrangou R, Brouns SJJ, Charpentier E, Horvath P, Moineau S, Mojica FJM, Wolf YI, Yakunin AF, van der Oost J, Koonin EV. Evolution and classification of the CRISPR-Cas systems. Nat Rev Microbiol , 2011, 9(6): 467-477.
[10] Deltcheva E, Chylinski K, Sharma CM, Gonzales K, Chao YJ, Pirzada ZA, Eckert MR, Vogel J, Charpentier E. CRISPR RNA maturation by trans -encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III. Nature , 2011, 471(7340): 602-607.
[11] Cong L, Ran FA, Cox D, Lin SL, Barretto R, Habib N, Hsu PD, Wu XB, Jiang WY, Marraffini LA, Zhang F. Multiplex genome engineering using CRISPR/Cas systems. Science , 2013, 339(6121): 819-823.
[12] Jiang WY, Bikard D, Cox D, Zhang F, Marraffini LA. RNA-guided editing of bacterial genomes using CRISPR-Cas systems. Nat Biotechnol , 2013, 31(3): 233-239.
[13] Yin H, Xue W, Chen SD, Bogorad RL, Benedetti E, Grompe M, Koteliansky V, Sharp PA, Jacks T, Anderson DG. Genome editing with Cas9 in adult mice corrects a disease mutation and phenotype. Nat Biotechnol , 2014, 32(6): 551-553.
[14] Wu YX, Liang D, Wang YH, Bai MZ, Tang W, Bao SM, Yan ZQ, Li DS, Li JS. Correction of a genetic disease in mouse via use of CRISPR-Cas9. Cell Stem Cell , 2013, 13(6): 659-662.
[15] Wu YX, Zhou H, Fan XY, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Wang YH, Xie ZF, Bai MZ, Yin Q, Liang D, Tang W, Liao JY, Zhou CK, Liu WJ, Zhu P, Guo HS, Pan H, Wu CL, Shi HJ, Wu LG, Tang FC, Li JS. Correction of a genetic disease by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing in mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Cell Res , 2015, 25(1): 67-79.
[16] Hu WH, Kaminski R, Yang F, Zhang YG, Cosentino L, Li F, Luo B, Alvarez-Carbonell D, Garcia-Mesa Y, Karn J, Mo XM, Khalili K. RNA-directed gene editing specifically eradicates latent and prevents new HIV-1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 2014, 111(31): 11461-11466.
[17] Sánchez-Rivera FJ, Papagiannakopoulos T, Romero R, Tammela T, Bauer MR, Bhutkar A, Joshi NS, Subbaraj L, Bronson RT, Xue W, Jacks T. Rapid modelling of cooperating genetic events in cancer through somatic genome editing. Nature , 2014, 516(7531): 428-431.
[18] Findlay GM, Boyle EA, Hause RJ, Klein JC, Shendure J. Saturation edit
