摘要： 利用随机扩增多态DNA（RAPD）技术对野生14只和笼养18只绿孔雀（Pavo muticus）个体进行了种群遗传多样性分析。用23个随机引物，野生与笼养绿孔雀分别获得161和166个扩增片段，计算发现野生与笼养绿孔雀的种群内平均相对遗传距离分别是0.0555和0.1355，两种群间的为0.1635；两种群的Shannon多样性指数平均分别是0.4348和1.0163，有显著性差异。以上分析都显示野生绿孔雀的遗传多样性很低。用UPGMA法聚类显示两个种群都是分别来源于两个家系，可据此进行繁育管理。
Abstract:Random-amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) was used to investigate the genetic diversity of the population of 14 wild green peafowl and 18 captive green peafowl(pavo muticus).Total of 161 and 166 bands were obtained respectively,and 23 random primers were used to amplify the genomic DNA of the wild and captive green peafowls.The average relative hereditary distance of the wild and captive green peafowls is 0.0555 and 0.1355 respectively;and the Shannon diversity index is 0.4348 and 1.0163 respectively.There is a prominent differentia between the two populations by T-Test of HO.All the analyses above show that the genetic diversity is very low in wild green peafowl.It tells us that the two populations come from two families by using UPGMA,which can be useful in the breeding management in the future.