达斡尔族遗传历史研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.25-132

遗传 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 262-271.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.25-132

达斡尔族遗传历史研究进展

王迟早¹^,²(), 俞雪儿²(), 桑思瑶², 王海燕¹, 石美森³(), 李辉²()

1.皖南医学院法医学院, 芜湖 241000
2.复旦大学生命科学学院现代人类学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200438
3.中国政法大学刑事司法学院侦查学研究所, 北京 100088

收稿日期:2025-07-14 修回日期:2025-10-23 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2025-10-31
通讯作者: 石美森，博士，教授，研究方向：法医物证学。E-mail: shimeisen2000@163.com;
李辉，博士，教授，研究方向：人类遗传学。E-mail: lhca@fudan.edu.cn
作者简介:王迟早，博士，讲师，研究方向：群体遗传学与法医物证学。E-mail: 20230009@wnmc.edu.cn;
俞雪儿，博士，咨询顾问，研究方向：人类遗传学。E-mail: yxefish@qq.com
第一联系人：
王迟早和俞雪儿并列第一作者。
基金资助:
安徽省教育厅高校自然科学重点项目(2024AH051957);安徽省中青年教师培养行动优秀青年教师培育项目重点项目(YQZD2025062);皖南医学院人才资助项目(WYRCQD2023010)

Advances in the genetic history research of the Daur ethnic group

Chizao Wang¹^,²(), Xueer Yu²(), Siyao Sang², Haiyan Wang¹, Meisen Shi³(), Hui Li²()

1. School of Forensic Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
2. Key Laboratory of Modern Anthropology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
3. Institute of Criminal Investigation, School of Criminal Justice, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088, China

Received:2025-07-14 Revised:2025-10-23 Published:2026-03-20 Online:2025-10-31
Supported by:
Key Natural Science Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education in Higher Education(2024AH051957);Anhui Provincial Key Project of Cultivating Outstanding Young Teachers(YQZD2025062);Talent Support Project of Wannan Medical College(WYRCQD2023010)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

达斡尔族是蒙古语族人群的古老分支，其遗传演化历史对于解析蒙古语族人群乃至东亚人群核心谱系的形成机制具有重要学术价值。学界曾围绕达斡尔族与古契丹人群的亲缘关系展开多角度的探讨，相关议题也引发了广泛关注。近年来，随着深度测序数据的大量积累，人类群体遗传演化及迁徙融合历史的复杂性得以被更清晰地揭示。在此背景下，本文系统综述了近7年达斡尔族Y染色体与线粒体DNA谱系研究的最新进展，并结合该民族的发展历史及重要家族的世系资料，进一步梳理了达斡尔族父系与母系遗传历史的演化轨迹，以期为后续相关群体的遗传历史研究提供有益参考。

关键词: 达斡尔族, 遗传历史, 父系, 母系

Abstract:

Understanding the genetic evolutionary history of the Daur people is academically valuable for determining how the core lineages of Mongolic-speaking and East Asian populations were formed, as the Daur represent an ancient branch of the Mongolic-speaking population. Academic research and discussion in this field focused on the genetic relationships between the Daur and ancient Khitan populations. The resulting large amounts of deep sequencing data obtained have been used to deepen our understanding of the complexity of the genetic evolution and migration-fusion history of human populations. In this review, we systematically summarize the latest progress in research on the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA lineages of the Daur population from 2019 to 2025. We integrated the developmental history of the Daur ethnic group with the genealogical data of key families and determined the evolutionary trajectory of the paternal and maternal genetic histories of the Daur population. This review provides a reference for subsequent research on the genetic histories of related populations.

Key words: the Daur ethnic group, genetic history, paternal line, maternal line

王迟早, 俞雪儿, 桑思瑶, 王海燕, 石美森, 李辉. 达斡尔族遗传历史研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2026, 48(3): 262-271.

Chizao Wang, Xueer Yu, Siyao Sang, Haiyan Wang, Meisen Shi, Hui Li. Advances in the genetic history research of the Daur ethnic group[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2026, 48(3): 262-271.

图/表 2

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