可翻译环状RNA研究进展

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.25-153

遗传 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 244-261.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.25-153

可翻译环状RNA研究进展

邹光福¹(), 周敏¹^,²(), 黄川¹()

1.重庆大学生命科学学院，重庆 401331
2.重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院(重庆市妇幼保健院)妇产科，重庆 401147

收稿日期:2025-07-12 修回日期:2025-09-02 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2025-10-11
通讯作者: 黄川，博士，教授，研究方向：分子生物学。E-mail: chuanhuang@cqu.edu.cn;
周敏，博士，副研究员，研究方向：分子生物学。E-mail: min_zhou@cqu.edu.cn
作者简介:邹光福，硕士研究生，专业方向：生物学。E-mail: 202226021024@stu.cqu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32270601);国家自然科学基金项目(32070633);国家自然科学基金项目(32570667);中华人民共和国教育部重大人才项目(Q2024230);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2025NSCQ-JQX0023);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0710);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0140);中央高校基础研究经费(2024IAIS-QN006);重庆市医学青年拔尖人才项目(YXQN2025071)

Advances in translatable circular RNAs

Guangfu Zou¹(), Min Zhou¹^,²(), Chuan Huang¹()

1. School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children), Chongqing 401147, China

Received:2025-07-12 Revised:2025-09-02 Published:2026-03-20 Online:2025-10-11
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270601);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070633);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32570667);Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China(Q2024230);Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2025NSCQ-JQX0023);Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0710);Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0140);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024IAIS-QN006);Outstanding Young Medical Talents Program of Chongqing(YXQN2025071)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环状RNA是一类在真核细胞中广泛存在、结构稳定且功能多样的单链RNA分子。除了作为直接调控因子，环状RNA也能通过编码功能性蛋白间接参与多种生理病理进程。目前，环状RNA翻译的分子机制与研究手段、其编码蛋白与重大疾病的关联，以及其作为药用蛋白表达载体的应用前景，已成为生物医学领域的前沿焦点。本文从上述3个方面对可翻译环状RNA的研究现状进行了归纳总结，旨在为环状RNA的前沿研究提供借鉴和参考。

关键词: 环状RNA, 翻译调控, 内部核糖体进入位点, m⁶A, RNA结合蛋白

Abstract:

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of stable single-stranded RNA molecules with diverse biological functions in eukaryotic cells. Beyond acting as direct regulatory factors, circRNAs can also indirectly participate in various physiological and pathological processes through their encoded functional proteins. The molecular mechanisms and research strategies of circRNA translation, the association between circRNA-encoded proteins and major human diseases, as well as the application of circRNAs as expression vectors for therapeutic proteins, have become cutting-edge focuses in the biomedical field. Focusing on the three above-mentioned aspects in this review, we summarize the current progress of translatable circRNA studies, aiming to provide comprehensive insights and perspectives into the field of circRNA translation.

Key words: circRNA, translation regulation, internal ribosomal entry sites, m⁶A, RNA binding protein

邹光福, 周敏, 黄川. 可翻译环状RNA研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2026, 48(3): 244-261.

Guangfu Zou, Min Zhou, Chuan Huang. Advances in translatable circular RNAs[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2026, 48(3): 244-261.

图/表 5

图1

图2

表1

表2

癌症相关的可翻译环状RNA"

环状RNA	大小(nt)	细胞/组织	机制	编码蛋白大小(aa)	功能	参考文献
CircSHPRH	440	神经胶质瘤	IRES	146	保护宿主蛋白稳定性，抑制肿瘤生长	[52]
CircMAPK14	536	结直肠癌	IRES	175	保护宿主蛋白稳定性，抑制肿瘤生长	[53]
CircLINC-PINT	未知	肝癌	IRES	87	抑制细胞周期和增殖相关基因的表达	[104]
CircASK1	805	肺腺癌	IRES	272	抑制宿主蛋白磷酸化，激活下游通路，促进癌细胞凋亡	[105]
Circ-EGFR	249	胶质母细胞瘤	未知	多肽	增强EGFR蛋白稳定性，持续激活下游促癌通路	[106]
CircEIF6	906	三阴性乳腺癌	IRES	224	激活MYH9/Wnt/β-catenin通路，调控三阴性乳腺癌进展	[107]
Circ-E-Cad	733	神经胶质瘤/胃癌	IRES	254	激活EGFR通路或PI3K/AKT通路，促进癌细胞恶性增殖	[59]
Circ-SMO	727	神经胶质瘤/癌症干细胞	IRES	193	增强SMO修饰，激活HH信号，促进肿瘤发生	[108]
Circ-HER2	676	三阴性乳腺癌	IRES	103	促进EGFR/HER3异源二聚体形成，激活下游促癌通路	[109]
Circ-PPPAR12A	1,138	结肠癌/非小细胞肺癌	IRES	73	激活Hippo-Yap通路或AKT通路，促进癌细胞增殖	[103]
CircDIDO1	1,787	胃癌	IRES	529	抑制PARP1蛋白活性，促进癌细胞凋亡	[110]
Hsa_circ_0006401	未知	结直肠癌	未知	198	正向调控宿主mRNA稳定性	[111]
Hsa-circ-0000437	251	子宫内膜癌	IRES	47	负调控肿瘤血管生成	[112]
CircEZH2	253	神经胶质瘤	IRES	92	抑制NKG2D配体转录水平，降低NK细胞毒性	[113]
CircNFIB	363	乳腺癌	未知	56	抑制乳腺癌进展	[114]
CircFAM53B	7,605	乳腺癌	IRES	219	抑制乳腺癌进展	[83]
CircMET	1,214	恶性胶质瘤	m⁶A	404	促进肿瘤生长和致瘤性	[81]
CircCAPG	376	三阴性乳腺癌	IRES	171	促进肿瘤生长和致瘤性	[115]
CircAKT3	524	胶质母细胞瘤	IRES	174	抑制肿瘤生长和致瘤性	[116]
CircHNRNPU	1,733	多发性骨髓瘤	IRES	603	促进多发性骨髓瘤细胞增殖	[117]
CircE7	472	宫颈癌	m⁶A	98	促进癌细胞增殖	[118]
CircARHGAP35	未知	肝癌	m⁶A	1,289	通过结合TFII-I蛋白促进肿瘤细胞增殖和迁移侵袭	[119]

表2

图3

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工具或数据库名称	描述	链接
CircPrimer 2.0	注释环状RNA并预测其翻译潜力	https://www.bio-inf.cn/
riboCirc	综合性可翻译环状RNA数据库	http://www.ribocirc.com
TransCirc	人类潜在可翻译环状RNA数据库	https://www.biosino.org/transcirc/
CircAtlas	具有蛋白质编码潜力的脊椎动物环状RNA数据库	http://circatlas.biois.ac.cn/
IRESbase	实验验证IRES的数据库	http://reprod.njmu.edu.cn/cgi-bin/iresbase/index.php
IRESite	实验验证IRES的数据库	http://www.iresite.org
Rcirc	用于环状RNA下游分析的R包	https://github.com/PSSUN/Rcir
RPFdb v2.0	基于核糖体分析的全基因组RNA信息数据库	http://www.rpfdb.org
ORF Finder	查找所有潜在ORF，并转化为氨基酸序列	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/orffinder/
CircRNADb	包含环状RNA基因组序列、IRES信息的数据库	https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/databasecommons/database/id/3607
CircPro	潜在可翻译环状RNA数据库	http://bis.zju.edu.cn/CircPro
CircCode	ribo-seq数据中可翻译环状RNA的数据库	https://github.com/PSSUN/CircCode
CircTransPred	预测环状RNA编码蛋白的潜能	https://github.com/beyond-tan/CircTransPred
CPC2	预测环状RNA编码蛋白的潜能	https://github.com/gao-lab/CPC2_standalone
circVIS	Ribo-seq数据中可翻译环状RNA的数据库	http://lab-x-omics.nchu.edu.tw/circVIS/
CircBank 2.0	预测环状RNA编码潜能、ORF、m⁶A修饰和IRES位点	https://www.circbank.cn/
DeepCIP	利用深度学习方法，预测环状RNA中的IRES位点	https://github.com/zjupgx/DeepCIP
circBase	多物种环状RNA的数据库	https://www.circbase.org/

可翻译环状RNA研究进展

Advances in translatable circular RNAs

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