遗传 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 425-441.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.20-324
收稿日期:
2020-11-28
修回日期:
2021-01-29
出版日期:
2021-05-20
发布日期:
2021-01-29
通讯作者:
刘巧泉
E-mail:qqliu@yzu.edu.cn
作者简介:
张昌泉,博士,副教授,研究方向:水稻品质遗传改良。E-mail: 基金资助:
Changquan Zhang, Linhao Feng, Minghong Gu, Qiaoquan Liu()
Received:
2020-11-28
Revised:
2021-01-29
Online:
2021-05-20
Published:
2021-01-29
Contact:
Liu Qiaoquan
E-mail:qqliu@yzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是保障我国粮食安全和农业可持续发展的主粮作物,江苏是我国重要的水稻种植区。经过40多年的发展,江苏水稻产量和品质性状研究都取得了重要进展。稻米品质性状组成复杂,涉及生产、加工、销售和消费多方面。本文对江苏省水稻几个主要品质性状的遗传研究历程进行了概括,重点对水稻外观品质、蒸煮食味品质和营养品质的遗传调控研究进行了总结。文章介绍了稻米品质性状的经典遗传规律和分子遗传特点,综述了各个品质性状遗传调控相关的重要功能基因。相关研究成果凸显了江苏水稻品质遗传改良基础研究在国内外的重要地位。特别指出,随着水稻功能基因组学的发展和品质性状遗传调控网络的明晰,未来针对特定或复合品质性状的分子设计育种是江苏水稻品质遗传改良研究中要重点推进的方向。
张昌泉, 冯琳皓, 顾铭洪, 刘巧泉. 江苏省水稻品质性状遗传和重要基因克隆研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(5): 425-441.
Changquan Zhang, Linhao Feng, Minghong Gu, Qiaoquan Liu. Progress on inheritance and gene cloning for rice grain quality in Jiangsu province[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2021, 43(5): 425-441.
表1
已克隆的稻米品质性状重要基因及其应用研究"
品质性状 | 基因/等位基因/转基因 | 功能 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|
蒸煮食味 | Badh2 | 突变产生香味 | [ |
反义Wx | 低AC或糯稻 | [ | |
SBEI-SBEIIb-RNAi | 高AC且高抗性淀粉 | [ | |
SSI-RNAi | 改变理化品质 | [ | |
SSII-2-RNAi | 低AC且籽粒透明 | [ | |
ALK-RNAi | 低GT | [ | |
ALKb | 低GT等位基因 | [ | |
qSAC3 | 微上调AC | [ | |
ALKc | 高GT | [ | |
ALKd | 高GT | [ | |
OsAGPL2 | 淀粉积累 | [ | |
Wxop | 低AC软米 | [ | |
Wxlv | 高AC且低淀粉黏滞性 | [ | |
Wxmw | 中低AC | [ | |
Wxln | 中等AC | [ | |
Wx-Promoter 编辑 | 中低AC | [ | |
FLO6 | 调控淀粉合成 | [ | |
FLO7 | 调控胚乳外周淀粉合成 | [ | |
PFPβ | 调控胚乳淀粉合成 | [ | |
OsBT1 | 调控胚乳淀粉代谢 | [ | |
OsPKpα1 | 调控胚乳淀粉合成 | [ | |
OsNDUFA9 | 调控胚乳淀粉代谢 | [ | |
FLO11 | 调控胚乳淀粉代谢 | [ | |
FSE1 | 调控胚乳脂和淀粉代谢 | [ | |
FLO16 | 调控胚乳淀粉代谢 | [ | |
OsNAC20和OsNAC26 | 调控胚乳淀粉和蛋白代谢 | [ | |
OsMADS87 | 调控胚乳早期发育 | [ | |
NF-Ys | 调控胚乳发育 | [ | |
OsbZIP76 | 调控胚乳发育和淀粉代谢 | [ | |
外观品质 | Wx | 低AC造成暗胚乳 | [ |
SSII-2 | AC和籽粒透明度 | [ | |
GW5 | 调控粒宽 | [ | |
qPE9-1 | 调控穗形和粒长 | [ | |
qGL3/OsPPKL1 | 调控粒长 | [ | |
SLG7 | 调控粒长 | [ | |
SLG | 调控株形和粒形 | [ | |
OsSPMS1 | 调控粒长 | [ | |
GS9 | 调控粒长 | [ | |
OsbHLH107 | 调控粒长 | [ | |
外观品质 | RGG2 | 调控粒长 | [ |
OsGASR9 | 调控株形和粒形 | [ | |
OsVIN2 | 调控粒形和产量 | [ | |
OsWRKY36 | 调控株形和粒形 | [ | |
OsFIE1 | 调控胚乳细胞化和粒形 | [ | |
OsFIE2 | 调控胚乳细胞化和粒形 | [ | |
营养品质 | GluB5 | 低谷蛋白 | [ |
OsGluA2 | 品种间谷蛋白含量变异 | [ | |
PDIL1-1 | 谷蛋白内质网修饰 | [ | |
GPA4/GOT1B | 谷蛋白内质网输出 | [ | |
GPA6/OsNHX5 | 谷蛋白前体发生和运输 | [ | |
GPA1/OsRab5a | 谷蛋白囊泡运输 | [ | |
OsVPS9A | 谷蛋白囊泡运输 | [ | |
GLUTELIN PRECURSOR ACCUMULATION3 | 谷蛋白后高尔基体分选 | [ | |
GPA5 | 谷蛋白囊泡运输 | [ | |
LKR和SDHAK | 赖氨酸合成限速酶基因 | [ | |
LRP | 过表达提高赖氨酸含量 | [ | |
RLRH1和RLRH2 | 过表达提高赖氨酸含量 | [ | |
AK2和DHDPS1 | 定点修饰后提高赖氨酸含量 | [ |
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