植物响应环境变化的长距离信号传导

doi:10.16288/j.yczz.22-153

遗传 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 556-566.doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.22-153

植物响应环境变化的长距离信号传导

罗熹晨¹(), 刘慧², 刘学英², 李欣欣¹, 廖红¹, 傅向东^1,^2,³()

1. 福建农林大学根系生物学研究中心,福州 350002
2. 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京 100101
3. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2022-05-10 修回日期:2022-06-08 出版日期:2022-07-20 发布日期:2022-07-01
通讯作者: 傅向东 E-mail:luoxichen1984@163.com;xdfu@genetics.ac.cn
作者简介:罗熹晨,硕士,专业方向：植物营养分子生物学。E-mail: luoxichen1984@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目资助编号(31830082);国家自然科学基金项目资助编号(32170251)

Long distance signal transduction in response to environmental changes in plants

Xichen Luo¹(), Hui Liu², Xueying Liu², Xinxin Li¹, Hong Liao¹, Xiangdong Fu^1,^2,³()

1. Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2022-05-10 Revised:2022-06-08 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-07-01
Contact: Fu Xiangdong E-mail:luoxichen1984@163.com;xdfu@genetics.ac.cn
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(31830082);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos(32170251)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高等植物在应对复杂环境变化时,需要整合和协调不同器官与组织感知的信息,并通过一套精细且复杂的机制经维管系统向受体组织或器官传递,进而系统性协调植物整体的生长发育和环境响应。在维管系统中移动的信号物质称为长距离信号。近年来研究发现,能够长距离移动的信号分子主要有小RNA、mRNA、小肽、激素、第二信使以及蛋白质等几类,这些信号分子能够将细胞外刺激从感知组织传递到靶器官,从而系统性地调控植物发育进程和环境响应。本文重点总结了植物体内长距离移动的RNA、小肽和蛋白质这3类长距离信号分子在调控植物器官发育、养分吸收以及环境响应等方面的研究进展,并对该领域在作物育种方面的应用潜力进行了探讨和展望,以期为作物遗传育种应用提供理论基础。

关键词: 长距离信号, 长距离移动, 维管, 系统性调控

Abstract:

The vascular system is responsible for the communication of information between different organs and the environment as a whole, so that it can coordinate the development of plants and respond to the changes of the environment. The signal substances moving in the vascular system are called long-distance signals. In recent years, it has been found that some long-distance molecular signals, such as microRNA, mRNA, small peptides, hormones, second messengers and proteins, can transmit extracellular stimuli from sensing tissues to target organs, so as to systematically regulate plant development process and environmental response. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of long-distance moving RNA, small peptides and proteins in plants to regulate plant organ development, nutrient uptake and stress resistance. The application potential of this field in crop breeding was discussed and prospected, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of genetics and breeding in crops.

Key words: long distance signal, long distance movement, vascular, systematic regulation

罗熹晨, 刘慧, 刘学英, 李欣欣, 廖红, 傅向东. 植物响应环境变化的长距离信号传导[J]. 遗传, 2022, 44(7): 556-566.

Xichen Luo, Hui Liu, Xueying Liu, Xinxin Li, Hong Liao, Xiangdong Fu. Long distance signal transduction in response to environmental changes in plants[J]. Hereditas(Beijing), 2022, 44(7): 556-566.

图/表 2

图1

图2

长距离信号调控植物环境响应和豆科植物结瘤 A：长距离信号调控拟南芥响应外界光照、水分、温度以及氮素变化。植物通过长距离和细胞间通信,整合远端器官之间的环境信息,以适应变化的环境条件。在缺水条件下,拟南芥CLE25小肽长距离传递水分胁迫信号至叶片,诱导叶片中ABA的积累,从而调节气孔关闭,防止水分从植物体内流失;在氮浓度分布不均的土壤中,分泌的小信号肽CEP1受到根的局部氮缺乏上调,并通过木质部转移到地上部,当CEP1被叶片韧皮部中的CEPR1和CEPR2感知时,诱导非分泌的小信号肽CEPD1和CEPD2表达,并进一步通过韧皮部转移至高氮区域的根系中,促进根系发育;高温环境下,CLE45在雌蕊中移动可以改善高温下花粉管的伸长缺陷;开花转变过程中,FT编码的成花素蛋白长距离转运至花序分生组织中调控植物的开花时间;光照条件下,HY5蛋白能够从植物地上部长距离移动至根系,自激活根系HY5表达,同时激活高亲和性硝酸根转运蛋白基因NRT2.1的表达,进而促进根系生长和氮吸收。B：长距离信号调控豆科植物开花以及结瘤过程。在施肥较多时,诱导信号肽CLE-RS在豆科植物根中的表达,CLE-RS肽通过木质部向外移动至地上部,被受体激酶HAR1识别,调节细胞分裂,抑制根瘤的形成。另一方面,CLE-RS-HAR1复合体可导致地上部miR2111下调。miR2111能够通过韧皮组织从叶片移动至根部,抑制参与结瘤的TML基因表达,促进结瘤。在低氮条件下,CEP1能够长距离运输到地上部分,与CRA2受体结合,并促进miR2111前体的表达,从而抑制TML靶基因在根部表达,促进结瘤;在光照诱导条件下,GmFT2a与GmSTF3/4能够长距离移动至根中并发生相互作用,且在GmCCaMK激酶的磷酸化作用下,GmCCaMK-STF-FT三者共同激活结瘤起始关键基因的转录,调控根瘤形成。"

图2

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植物响应环境变化的长距离信号传导

Long distance signal transduction in response to environmental changes in plants

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