遗传 ›› 2009, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 791-798.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2009.00791

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家畜合成群体保留杂种优势的预测与培育效果评价

刘文忠   

  1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院, 太谷 030801
  • 收稿日期:2009-01-05 修回日期:2009-03-24 出版日期:2009-08-10 发布日期:2009-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘文忠

Prediction of retained heterosis and evaluation on breeding effects of composite livestock populations

LIU Wen-Zhong   

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
  • Received:2009-01-05 Revised:2009-03-24 Online:2009-08-10 Published:2009-08-10
  • Contact: LIU Wen-Zhong

摘要: 摘要:合成群体是由两个或多个组分品种培育的一个品种,旨在不与其他品种杂交就可利用杂种优势,因而被认为是利用杂种优势的一种替代方法。合成群体培育的成效在于其保留杂种优势的高低。本文综述了家畜合成群体保留杂种优势、相对生产效率和生产性能的预测及其培育效果的评价方式。合成群体包含了所有类型的杂种优势,只要避免近交,就可以保持一定的杂种优势。其高低取决于参与杂交的品种数目和所占血缘比例。合成群体的生产性能取决于各组分品种的育种值和保留杂种优势。合成群体的培育效果可通过理论预测、估计实际保留杂种优势、考察群体的遗传变异或者与有关品种比较等方式加以评价。

关键词: 生产性能, 保留杂种优势, 培育效果, 合成群体, 家畜

Abstract: A composite population is a breed made up of two or more component breeds and designed to benefit from hybrid vigor without crossing with other breeds, and is thus regarded as an alternative method for heterosis utilization. The breeding effects depend on retained heterosis in livestock composites. This paper reviews prediction methods of retained heterosis, relative production efficiency and production performance, and evaluation methods of breeding effects of com-posite populations. A composite population contains all three types of heterosis. If inbreeding can be avoided, it can retain heterosis to a certain extent. The retained heterosis depends on the number of contributing breeds and their proportions in the composite. The production performance rests both on average breeding values of contributing breeds and on retained heterosis of the composite itself. Breeding effects of composite population can be evaluated by theoretical prediction, actual estimation of retained heterosis, examination of genetic variation and/or comparison with other relevant breeds.