摘要：




作为前列腺肿瘤标志物的前列腺特异性抗原（prostate-specific antigen, PSA）是一种类丝氨酸蛋白酶的激肽释放酶，主要在前列腺上皮细胞和大部分的前列腺癌细胞中表达。雄激素通过雄激素受体而严格调控该基因的表达，当前列腺癌发展为雄激素非依赖型的同时也伴随有血清中的PSA水平的提高，这预示着有其他因素在不依赖雄激素的条件下调控PSA的表达。本文将就目前对PSA基因表达调控的机制，以及在调控中发挥重要作用的启动子和增强子区结构的研究进展做一综述。

Abstract: Prostate-specific antigen（PSA）as a prostate cancer marker is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease which is expressed primarily by both normal prostate epithelium and the vast majority of prostate cancers. PSA expression is tightly regulated by androgen through the activation of androgen receptor. However, in the absence of androgens, PSA gene expression can become elevated. This suggests that either the AR can be activated in the absence of androgen to elevate PSA gene expression or that another transcription factor acting on the PSA promoter is stimulated. This article reviews the research on the structure of the PSA promoter and enhancer and the mechanisms of the PSA expression.